A-PUSH Period 2 Terms (1-20)

Virginia Company

A joint-stock company chartered by King James l

Significance: Founded the first permanent English colony in America at Jamestown in 1607.

John Smith

English explorer and early leader of the Jamestown colony

Significance: Played a crucial role in the founding and

survival of the Jamestown colony especially in its first 5 years.

Cecil Calvert

The second Lord of Baltimore

Significance: Persuaded to adopt the Act of Toleration, granting religious freedom to all Christians.

Lord Baltimore

Also known George Calvert, he was a Catholic noble, for his service to the king (had control of Baltimore)

Significance: Offered small farms, growing tobacco which prospered quickly.

Roger Williams

Respected Puritan minister who moved from England to Boston

Significance: Due to conflict in his teachings, he fled to Narragansett Bay, founding the community of Providence in 1636, and started the first Baptist Church.

Anne Hutchinson

Dissident who questioned the doctrines of Puritan authorities.

Significance: Founded Portsmouth in 1638.

Rhode Island

Was a providence that combined with Portsmouth into a single colony (Rhode Island)

Significance: The colony tolerated diverse beliefs and served as refuge to many.

Halfway Covenant

Offered to some clergy so people could be partial members of the Puritan Congregation without conversion

Significance: Maintained church’s membership and influence.

William Penn

Son of William Penn, took in Pennsylvania

Significance: Provided a Frame of government and a written constitution, Charter of Liberties.

Quakers

Christians who believed religious authority is within oneself

Significance: Started the Abolition movement against slavery.

Tobacco

Highly lucrative cash crop in development of Southern Colonies

Significance: Establishing the Chesapeake colonies (Virginia).

Jamestown

First permanent English colony in America

Significance: Developed tobacco within the colony (Profitable).

Pilgrims

Separatists in search of religious freedom

Significance: Established a new colony at Plymouth.

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Colony founded by Puritans

Significance: Modeled for New England, self-government and religious society.

Puritans

Moderate Dissenters who wanted to Purify the Anglian Church

Significance: Founded several settlements in New England as well as founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

John Winthrop

First Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony “The city upon a hill”

Significance: Articulated Puritan vision of the “castle upon a hill” and influenced exceptionalism.

Mayflower Compact

Signed document by the Pilgrims, pledging to make decisions by the will of the majority

Significance: Early form of self-government and rudimentary constitution.

House of Burgesses

First representative assembly in Virginia

Significance: Crucial role in the development of Self-government and representative democracy in the United States.

Proprietary Colonies

Under authority of individuals granted charters of ownership by the king

Significance: Regional differences and presented the relationship between the colony and crown.

Triangular Trade

Trade. following a 3-part route, connecting North America, Africa and Europe

Significance: Established trade networks and accumulated wealth.