Reproduction and Genetic Variation Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards for reviewing reproduction and genetic variation concepts.

Reproduction

The process of parents producing new individuals/offspring, either sexually or asexually.

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

The genetic information that programs cells to function in specific ways and is inherited from parent/s during reproduction.

Asexual Reproduction

A type of reproduction in which offspring inherit DNA from only one parent, resulting in clones of the parent.

Sexual Reproduction

A type of reproduction in which offspring inherit DNA from two parents, resulting in a blend of the parents' genetic material.

Genetic Variation

Differences in DNA sequences among individuals of the same species, increasing the species' ability to adapt and resist diseases.

Binary Fission

A type of asexual reproduction where a cell divides in half, common in prokaryotes and some eukaryotic yeasts, resulting in two identical daughter cells.

Advantage of Asexual Reproduction

Offspring inherit all of parent's traits; it is a rapid process; no time/energy wasted finding a partner single organism can create a whole colony.

Disadvantage of Asexual Reproduction

Lack of genetic diversity, lowers adaptability to environmental conditions, and can lead to population explosions.

Advantage of Sexual Reproduction

Increases genetic variation, allows adaptation to changing environmental conditions, and makes disease less likely to affect the entire population.

Disadvantage of Sexual Reproduction

Takes time and energy to find mates, and can be difficult for isolated members of a species.