Reproduction and Genetic Variation Flashcards

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Vocabulary flashcards for reviewing reproduction and genetic variation concepts.

Reproduction

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10 Terms

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Reproduction

The process of parents producing new individuals/offspring, either sexually or asexually.

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DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

The genetic information that programs cells to function in specific ways and is inherited from parent/s during reproduction.

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Asexual Reproduction

A type of reproduction in which offspring inherit DNA from only one parent, resulting in clones of the parent.

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Sexual Reproduction

A type of reproduction in which offspring inherit DNA from two parents, resulting in a blend of the parents' genetic material.

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Genetic Variation

Differences in DNA sequences among individuals of the same species, increasing the species' ability to adapt and resist diseases.

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Binary Fission

A type of asexual reproduction where a cell divides in half, common in prokaryotes and some eukaryotic yeasts, resulting in two identical daughter cells.

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Advantage of Asexual Reproduction

Offspring inherit all of parent's traits; it is a rapid process; no time/energy wasted finding a partner single organism can create a whole colony.

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Disadvantage of Asexual Reproduction

Lack of genetic diversity, lowers adaptability to environmental conditions, and can lead to population explosions.

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Advantage of Sexual Reproduction

Increases genetic variation, allows adaptation to changing environmental conditions, and makes disease less likely to affect the entire population.

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Disadvantage of Sexual Reproduction

Takes time and energy to find mates, and can be difficult for isolated members of a species.