Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics - Module 1

Practice questions covering the social, cultural, and political concepts of Module 1, including categorizations of identity and observations on contemporary Philippine issues.

In the study of society, how are human beings distinguished from 'objects'?

Human beings are 'subjects' (social actors or agents) who have the capacity to understand and reshape their world, whereas objects are merely acted upon.

According to Paulo Freire (2005) in 'Pedagogy of the Oppressed', what is the role of teachers and students in reality?

They are both Subjects co-intent on reality, tasked with 'unveiling' that reality to know it critically and re-creating that knowledge through common reflection and action.

How does the Department of Health (DOH) (2020) define 'Gender'?

The composite of attitudes and behavior of men and women ($masculinity$ and $femininity$).

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2020), what is the relationship between gender and biological sex?

Gender refers to social roles, behaviors, and opportunities considered appropriate by society; it interacts with, but is different from, the binary categories of biological sex.

What are the four categories of exceptionality identified by FASD ONE (2020)?

Behavioral, communicative (e.g., Autism, Learning Disability), intellectual (e.g., Giftedness, Mild Intellectual Disability), and physical (e.g., Blind and Low Vision).

How does Shvili (2020) distinguish 'ethnicity' from 'nationality'?

Ethnicity is frequently linked with a person's racial, cultural, or religious group, while nationality is related to the state to which an individual belongs or shares affiliation.

What was the 'headline inflation rate' in the Philippines in March 2021 as reported by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)?

The inflation rate reached a 2-year high of $4.7\%$. Stories from February 2021 noted it at $4.2\%$, which was the highest since February 2019.

What does the term 'istambay' refer to in the Philippine context?

It refers to the 'proverbial' idle and/or unemployed people in society.

What was the approximate unemployment rate in the Philippines in April 2020 according to the PSA?

It reached almost $20\%$ (rounded off).

What is the purpose of Republic Act 10639, also known as the 'Free Mobile Disaster Alerts Act'?

It requires all local telecommunications firms to send free mobile alerts to citizen-cellphone subscribers in the event of natural and man-made disasters and calamities.

What were the three most frequently encountered problems in online learning in the Philippines according to Baticulon et al. (2021)?

Difficulty adjusting learning styles, performing responsibilities at home, and poor communication between educators and learners.

Which local leader was cited by the U.S. State Department for competent management and transparency during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Mayor Vico Sotto of Pasig City.

According to the 1987 Constitution, what must Congress pass to weaken the hold of political dynasties in the Philippines?

An Anti-Dynasty Law.

What factors did Professor Bobby M. Tuazon (2012) identify as perpetuating political dynasties?

Weak political party system, weak electoral system, culture of powerlessness among voters, and warlordism.

How does the Royal Anthropological Institute (2020) formally define 'Anthropology'?

The study of people throughout the world, their evolutionary history, how they behave, adapt to different environments, communicate, and socialize with one another.

What are the three subfields of anthropology as identified by the University of California, Davis Campus (2020)?

Sociocultural, biological, and archaeology.