Spectroscopy 🔭📈💡

absorption spectrum

is produced when another object absorbs continuous light at certain wavelengths.

chart with dips

absorption

emission spectrum

emission spectra are created when something is heated and emits photons at specific wavelengths

chart of spikes that touch the bottom

emission

continuous spectrum

continuous spectra are created when photons are measured at every wavelength.

blue shift

As something emitting light moves toward you, the λ’s compress. Shorter
λ = bluer color

red shift

As something emitting light moves away, the λ’s stretch out. Longer λ =
redder color

flux

a measurement of the total
amount of photons

what does a spectrum do?

a. A spectrum splits an atom into 2 smaller atoms

b. A spectrum refracts white light into the colors of the rainbow

c. A spectrum causes an electron to descend 1 or more energy levels, emitting a photon in the process

d. A spectrum counts the number of photons at every wavelength (or frequency)

a. A spectrum splits an atom into 2 smaller atoms

T/F an electron will absorb a photon if it descends one or more energy levels of an atom

false

In what part of the EM spectrum is the Sun emitting the most photons?

optical

What type of spectrum does the Sun produce?

absorption

Why does the apparent brightness (or apparent magnitude m) of a celestial object decrease when the object is further away?

Light spreads out, therefore flux decreases the farther the observer is

How is the absolute magnitude of a celestial object defined?

The apparent magnitude as measured from 10 parsecs

A magnitude 10 star is times brighter than a magnitude 15 star

100