9- Fats and soaps
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11 Terms
What are fats and oils chemically?
Esters of glycerol and long-chain carboxylic acids (fatty acids).
What are vegetable oils and animal fats hydrolysed to produce?
Soap, glycerol and long-chain carboxylic acids.
What is glycerol's IUPAC name?
Propane-1,2,3-triol.
What is soap chemically?
A salt of a long-chain carboxylic acid.
Which part of soap is hydrophilic?
The polar COO⁻ end.
Which part of soap is hydrophobic?
The long non-polar hydrocarbon chain.
What does the hydrophilic end interact with?
Water.
What does the hydrophobic chain interact with?
Grease.
How does soap remove grease?
The hydrophobic chain mixes with grease while the hydrophilic COO⁻ end mixes with water, allowing grease and water to mix and be washed away.
Why is glycerol soluble in water?
It forms hydrogen bonds easily because it has three hydroxyl groups and is polar
What are uses of glycerol?
Cosmetics, food and glues.