Health Promotion Wellness and Disease Prevention

Levels of Care

• Health Promotion

• Disease Prevention

• Diagnosis and Treatment

• Rehabilitation and Long-term Care

Health Promotion

Process of enabling/enhancing people’s influence/control over and improvement of their health

Disease Prevention

Primary and secondary preventive measures aimed at reducing disease’s effects and associated risk factors

Diagnosis and Treatment

Discovering client’s problem and taking action steps to solve it

Rehabilitation and long-term care

Helps patients understand + manage their conditions, and restore the patient to the fullest possible level of function

Levels of Prevention

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary

Primary Prevention

• Prevents/decreases risk of medical condition

• Usually done at physician offices/non-urgent appointments

• Disease isn’t here at this lvl

Counseling, Educating, Stopping smoking are..

Examples of Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

• Reducing impact of disease/injury

• Detection and treatment at this level

• Typically managed by specialists

Screening tests are…

Example of Secondary Prevention

Tertiary Prevention

• Restoring individual to optimal function

• Reversal, minimization, or delay of disease’s effect at this stage

• Typically involves hospitalization

• Most urgent, as effects need to be stopped

Rehabiliation, Self-care Education, Support groups are…

Example of Tertiary Prevention

Quaternary Prevention

Protecting clients from excessive medical care

Types of Risk Factors for Health

• Modifiable Risk Factors

• Unmodifiable Risk Factors

• Environmental

• Socioeconomic

• Health Literacy

• Cultural Beliefs

• Family Dynamics

Non-modifiable Risk Factors

Factors in life that can’t be changed

Modifiable Risk Factors

Factors in life that can be changed

Healthy People Initiative Goal

Improve overall health of Americans by setting goals and objectives every 10 yrs

Health Outcomes

Results of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Measures

International Self-Care Foundation’s 7 Pillars for improved [individual] health

• Knowledge and Health Literacy

• Mental wellbeing and self-awareness [of health]

• Physical activity

• Health eating

• Good hygiene

• Risk avoidance

• Rational and responsible use of health and wellnes products + services