Patient Care & Services UNIT 8 TEST (Infection Control)

An animal or a plant that harbors or nourishes another organism is called?

1. Fomite

2. Host

3. Pathogen

4. Iatrogenic

2. Host

Which of the following terms describes the complete destruction or elimination of all microorganisms?

1. Medical asepsis

2. Sterilization

3. Vaccine

4. Asepsis

2. Sterilization

The most important way to prevent the spread of infection is?

1. Handwashing

2. Wearing gloves

3. Using a gown

4. Using chemical disinfectants

1. Handwashing

Microorganisms that need a host to reproduce and are unresponsive to antibiotics are called?

1. Bacteria

2. Fungi

3. Protozoa

4. Viruses

4. Viruses

Which of the following microorganisms is able to ingest food particles and may be equipped with a rudimentary digestive system?

1. Virus

2. Protozoa

3. Bacteria

4. Fungi

2. Protozoa

The most important barrier to an individual propagating the infectious organism is which of the following?

1. Incubation period

2. Quick access to antibiotics

3. Body's immune defenses

4. Entry to the cell wall

3. Body's immune defenses

All of the following describe an exogenous mode of transportation except:

1. Mosquito, tick, or flea

2. Fomite, such as a cassette

3. Normal flora, such as bacteria in the mouth

4. West Nile virus

3. Normal flora such as bacteria in the mouth

The patient most susceptible to a nosocomial infection is which of the following?

1. Adult patients

2. Children

3. Emergency department patients

4. Immunocompromised patients

4. Immunocompromised patients

Which of the following describes sources of nosocomial infections?

1. Improperly sterilized surgical equipment

2. Dirty radiographic tables and cassettes

3. Contaminated urinary (Foley) catheters

4. 2 and 3

5. All of the above

5. All of the above

Which of the following chemical methods of asepsis is applied topically?

1. Bacteriostatic agent

2. Disinfectant

3. Antiseptic

4. 1 and 2

5. All of the above

3. Antiseptic

Hydrogen peroxide is used in which of the following ways?

1. In deep wounds

2. In conjunction with iodine

3. To clean radiology tables

4. To sterilize electronics

1. In deep wounds

Which of the following categories of asepsis does hand washing fall within?

1. Sterilization

2. Medical asepsis

3. Surgical asepsis

4. 1 and 3

2. Medical asepsis

All of the following statements describe the use of standard precautions except for which of the following?

1. Washing hands before and after touching body fluids

2. Wearing gloves and gowns

3. Using only for patients from the emergency department

4. Never recapping used needles

3. Using only for patients from the emergency department

Airborne precautions are used for which of the following?

1. Patients with tuberculosis

2. Direct contact with a patient's dressings or bed rails

3. Pathogenic organisms that remain in the air

4. 1 and 3

5. All of the above

4. 1 and 3

Which precaution(s) is (are) used when pathogens disseminate though larger particular droplets expelled from the patient?

1. Contact precautions

2. Droplet precautions

3. Airborne precautions

4. All of the above

2. Droplet precautions

T/F: Standard precautions are used to protect the patient only.

False

T/F: Contact precaution techniques require the use of two health care provider.

True

T/F: Their morphology, genetic constitution, and biochemistry classify bacteria.

True

T/F: Fungi carry their own genetic information as either RNA or DNA.

False

T/F: The incubation period for all infectious diseases is 1 week.

False

T/F: An example of an endogenous mode of transmission is acquiring a staphylococcus infection after a finger cut.

True

T/F:A physician can cause an iatrogenic infection.

True

T/F: Hepatitis B is an example of a virus transmitted as a blood borne pathogen.

True

T/F: Medical asepsis reduces the infectious agents by the use of sterilization to zero.

False

T/F: Radiology departments use halogen chlorine and iodine as a bactericidal agent.

True

Microorganisms that cause infectious diseases can be classified as?

1. Lytic

2. Endogenous

3. Pathogenic

4. Nosocomial

3. Pathogenic

The best method of preventing the spread of aerosol infections is by?

1. The patient wearing a mask

2. The health care worker wearing a gown

3. Hand washing

4. All of the above

1. The patient wearing a mask

All of the following are types of indirect transmission except?

1. Fomite

2. Vector

3. Aerosol

4. Touching

4. Touching

The common cold is an example of an infection by a?

1. Bacterium

2. Virus

3. Fungus

4. Protozoan

2. Virus

The term that best describes the absolute removal of all life forms is?

1. Antisepsis

2. Medical asepsis

3. Disinfection

4. Sterilization

4. Sterilization

A person is bitten by a mosquito and develops an infection. This type of transmission is know as?

1. Vector

2. Fomite

3. Nosocomial

4. Iatrogenic

1. Vector

A health care worker is accidentally punctured with a contaminated needle. This type of transmission is know as?

1. Vector

2. Fomite

3. Nosocomial

4. Iatrogenic

2. Fomite

An outpatient develops a staphylococcal infection after a surgical procedure. This type of transmission is know as?

1. Vector

2. Fomite

3. Nosocomial

4. More than one of the above, but not all

4. More than one of the above, but not all

An infectious microbe can gain entrance into the human body by?

1. Ingestion

2. Penetration

3. Both 1 and 2

4. Neither 1 nor 2

3. Both 1 and 2

Hand washing employs which of the following methods of infection control?

1. Chemical

2. Physical

3. Sterile

4. 1 and 2

4. 1 and 2

What are the six steps in the establishment of an infectious disease?

1. Encounter

2. Entry

3. Spread

4. Multiplication

5. Damage

6. Outcome

What are the four basic infectious agents?

1. Bacteria

2. Viruses

3. Fungi

4. Protozoan parasites

Bacteria

prokaryotic, ubiquitous, single-celled organisms

Bloodborne pathogens

disease causing microorganisms that may be present in human blood

Iatrogenic

relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment

Medical asepsis

reduction in the number of infectious agents, which in turn decreases the probability of infection, but does not necessarily reduce it to zero

Nosocomial

infection acquired or originating in a hospital- generally developing 72 hours after admittance

Protozoa

unicellular organisms that are neither plants or animals

Surgical asepsis

procedure used to prevent contamination before, during or after surgery using sterile technique

___________________ are microscopic, single-cell organisms with a simple internal organization.

Bacteria

Bacteria can be ________ (cocci), ______________ (bacilli), _______ (spirochetes), or _____________ (vibrios).

spheric, rod-shaped, spiral, comma-shaped

spheric bacteria

cocci

rod-shaped bacteria

bacilli

spiral bacteria

spirochetes

comma-shaped bacteria

vibrios

Bacteria are _______________, which lack nuclei and membrane-bound organelles.

Prokaryotes

Mode of transmission

exogenously (from outside the body) or endogenously (from inside the body).

Various sources of nosocomial infections:

Medical personnel, Patient flora, Contaminated hospital environment, Bloodborne pathogens, Invasive procedures

he most common way to spread microorganisms is by ________.

touch

There are three categories of transmission- based precautions:

Airborne precautions, Droplet precautions, Contact precautions

T/F Health care personnel should protect themselves by wearing a surgical mask when within 3 feet of the patient, transport patient only when necessary., and patients should wear a surgical mask when leaving the room.

True

When are transmission-based precautions implemented?

Implemented for patients infected or suspected of being infected with a highly transmissible pathogen for which additional precautions beyond Standard Precautions are required.

Sterilization

complete destruction or elimination of all living microorganisms- accomplished by physical methods (dry or moist heat), chemical agents (ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, alcohol),radiation (ultraviolet, cathode), or mechanical methods (filtration)

T/F More diseases are spread by indirect contact than direct contact.

True

T/F Indirect contact occurs through touching contaminated objects or environmental surfaces.

True

Different forms of Hepatitis spread through blood or bodily fluids (bloodborne pathogen):

Hepatitis B, C, D, G

fomite

an inanimate object that can transmit disease to a new host if it is contaminated with infectious agents

vector

a living thing that carries the disease-causing agent or causative organism from reservoirs to the host