Cocaine, Methamphetamine, and Methylphenidate

These flashcards cover the key concepts about cocaine, methamphetamine, and methylphenidate, including their effects, history, pharmacology, and implications for health and treatment.

What are the effects of cocaine when consumed?

Exhilaration, euphoria, increased energy, reduced fatigue, heightened sociability, and increased aggression.

What is the history behind the introduction of Coca Cola?

Coca Cola was introduced in 1886, containing cocaine as an ingredient.

What is the main pharmacological action of cocaine?

Cocaine blocks the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.

What year was cocaine abuse deemed widespread?

Cocaine abuse was widespread by 1914.

What are the physiological effects of cocaine?

Increased heart rate, vasoconstriction, hypertension, and potential fatal seizures.

What is the role of dopamine in cocaine dependence?

Dopamine plays a critical role in the reward pathways associated with cocaine use.

What is Ritalin used for?

Ritalin is used to treat ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and increases dopamine and norepinephrine levels.

How do amphetamines affect the body?

Amphetamines increase alertness, confidence, and reduce fatigue while enhancing performance.

What distinguishes the action mechanisms of amphetamines from those of cocaine?

Amphetamines block dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake and also release them from nerve terminals.

What are the potential long-term effects of methamphetamine use?

Meth use can lead to neurotoxicity, cognitive impairments, and increased mortality.