Chemistry Vocab 1
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36 Terms
analytical chemistry
the area of chemistry that focuses on the composition of matter
applied chemistry
research that is directed toward a practical goal or application
biochemistry
the area of chemistry that focuses on processes that take place in organisms
biotechnology
the field that applies science to the production of biological products or processes
chemistry
the study of the composition of matter and the change that matter undergoes
experiment
a repeatable procedure that is used to test a hypothesis
hypothesis
a proposed explanation for an observation
inorganic chemistry
the study of substances that, in general, do not contain carbon
macroscopic
describes the world of objects that are large enough to see with the unaided eye
matter
anything that has mass and occupies space
microscopic
describes the world of objects that can be seen only under magnification
manipulated variable
the variable that is changed during an experiment; also called independent variable
observation
information obtained through the senses
organic chemistry
the study of compounds containing carbon
physical chemistry
the areas of chemistry that deals with the mechanism, the rate, and the energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change
pollutant
a material found in air, water, or soil that is harmful to humans and other organisms
pure chemistry
the pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake
responding variable
the variable that is observed during an experiment; also called dependent variable
scientific law
a concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments
scientific method
a logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem
technology
the means by which a society provides its members with those things needed and desired
theory
a well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations
What is chemistry?
The study of the composition of matter and the changes matter undergoes
Five areas of chemistry
Organic, inorganic, analytical, physical, and biochemistry
What is alchemy?
Scientific method
A logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem.
Observation
Hypothesis (Experiment)
Theory
Law
Problem solving in chemistry
Always involves developing a plan and then implementing that plan
Solving numeric problems - Analyze, calculate, evaluate
Solving conceptual problems - Analyze, solve
Grams in a kilogram
1000 grams
Milliliters in a liter
1000 mL
What did alchemists contribute to the development of chemistry?
They developed the tools and techniques for working with chemicals
-Process for separating mixtures and purifying chemicals
-Designed beakers, flasks, tongs, funnels, and the mortar and pestle
Three reasons for studying chemistry
Explaining the natural world
Preparing for a career
Being an informed citizen
The study of compounds containing carbon
organic chemistry
A well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations
Theory
Anything that has mass and occupies space
Matter
Why is air classified as matter?
Because it takes up space and has mass
What substance were alchemists searching to turn other metals into?
Gold