Tonicity of Solutions

These flashcards cover the essential concepts of hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions as discussed in the lecture.

What does a hypertonic solution contain in relation to the cell's internal environment?

A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the cell.

What does the prefix 'hyper' mean?

It means above or beyond.

What is a good example of a hypertonic solution?

Saltwater.

What happens to cells in a hypertonic environment?

Cells shrivel as water is pulled out of them.

In a hypertonic solution, where does water move with respect to the cell?

Water moves out of the cell.

What does the prefix 'hypo' mean?

It means below or under.

What characterizes a hypotonic solution?

A hypotonic solution has fewer solutes outside the cell than inside.

What happens to plant cells in a hypotonic solution?

Water rushes in, causing them to swell and become turgid.

What happens to animal cells in a hypotonic solution?

Animal cells may burst due to excess water influx.

Why do we not drink salt water for hydration?

Because it pulls water out of our body, leading to dehydration.

What happens to vegetables in a grocery store's produce section?

They absorb water from misters, becoming firm and crisp.

What type of solution causes normal cells to maintain their shape without swelling or shrinking?

Isotonic solution.

What does 'isotonic' mean?

It indicates that solute concentrations are the same inside and outside the cell.

What is the purpose of using saline solution in IVs?

To ensure the solution is isotonic with blood for safe hydration.

How does water movement occur in an isotonic solution?

Water moves back and forth equally, maintaining cell size.

What is osmosis?

The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane.

What process causes wilted lettuce when salt is added?

Osmosis pulls water out of the cells.

What is the impact on a slug when salt is poured on it?

Salt pulls water out of the slug, harming it.

What concentration of salt does the body need to avoid dehydration?

Around 0.9% sodium chloride.

What can be a sign of a plant receiving water in a hypotonic solution?

The plant is upright and turgid.

What is a common result of watering a plant with salt water?

The plant will wilt and lose water.

Why can't fresh water be directly injected into the bloodstream?

Because it can cause cells to burst due to a hypotonic effect.

What type of pressure is created in plant cells due to water absorption?

Turgor pressure.