Programming

Programming

• Telling a computer what to do

• Giving the computer instructions to carry out

Syntax for print

• print(‘Text’)

• print(“Text”)

Starts in single: must end in single

Starts in double: must end in double

Types of errors

• Syntax

• Logical

• Runtime

Syntax Errors

• Errors in how the code is written

• Doesn't adhere to the rules

Logical Errors

• Also called semantic errors

• Does not output what was intended

• Error in calculation/process

Runtime

• Cause the program to terminate

• Examples

  • dividing by 0

  • Infinite loop

  • Incorrect input by the user

Variable

A value that is given a name and can be changed

String

A piece of text

An integer

A whole number

Floating-Point Number

A number with a decimal point

Syntax for input

Name=input(“Prompt”)

Syntax for integer input

Integer=int(input(“Prompt”))

Arithmetic Operation Syntax

answer=num1+num2

To perform a math operation, convert input into

int() or float()

Input

Read from the keyboard

Print

Display to the screen

If

Check a condition to see which operations to perform

=

Assign a value to a variable

While

Perform actions repeatedly

Syntax for Lists

List_name = [“item1”, “item2”, “item3”]

Lists

A type of data structure

Data Structure

Data structures are organised collections of data

Data is organised in ___________________

A sequence, with each item having a unique index

Index

Tells you the position of each item in a list

IndexError

This occurs when an index number that doesn't exist gets called

Position

Index + 1

Syntax to find number of items on a list

len(name of list)

Syntax to find the index of a list item

number = listname.index(“object”)

Iterative Structure

• Used when a program needs to repeat a block of code

• Needed when a program needs to repeat actions

While Loop

Repeats actions while a condition is true