Primary Health Care/Select Populations

Primary Health Care (PHC)

first-contact care along with health promotion, disease prevention, community participation, and addressing social determinants of health, like strengthening the roots of a tree rather than just trimming branches; simply, it focuses on keeping populations healthy, not just treating illness.

5 Principles of Primary Health Care

Accessibility

Right care at the

Right time in the

Right place

2. Public Participation

3. Health Promotion

4. Appropriate Skills & Technology

5. Intersectoral Collaboration

whole society approach

1.Primary Care & Essential Public Health are the core of health services

•Personal Services

•Population Services

2.Multisector Policy and Action

3.Empowered People and Communities

Primary Care

Primary Care: the first point of contact for prevention, acute care and chronic disease management

The delivery of a continuum of health services

Delivered at an individual (personal) level and at a population level

Population Health

•Public health approach at a population level

•Health promotion, health protection, disease prevention, surveillance and response, emergency preparedness

Multisectoral Policy and Action

§Fiscal measures

§Law and regulation

§Changes in the built environment

§Information, education

§Communication campaigns

Local and Global Benefits of PHC

§PHC allows health care systems to respond to global changes and emerging health challenges

§Effectively addresses causes and risk factors of poor health

§SDGs and universal health care for all can only be achieved with a strong emphasis on PHC

The Canada Health Act

1. Public Administration 

2. Accessibility

3. Comprehensiveness

4. Universality

5. Portability

Portability means a person keeps access to insured healthcare services when moving between provinces or traveling, like your phone plan working wherever you go; simply, your healthcare coverage follows you instead of stopping at borders.

Multicultural Canada

Generation Terminology

Migrant, Immigrant, Newcomer

Reasons for Migration

Immigration Status In Canada

Why Migration is a Global Health Issue

§Increasing globalization and transnational movement of people

§Migration influences health of migrants

§Migration influences health services in the country of origin and country migrating to.

Why Migration is a Social Determinant of Health

Three areas for improvement

1.Employment and working conditions

2.Public policy for economic and social conditions

3.Effort to address social exclusion, racism, and ideologies which cause discrimination for immigrants

The Healthy Immigrant Effect

Social Mobility

Health Coverage

The Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP) gives temporary health coverage for the first 3 months until a person gets their provincial/territorial health card. It covers basic care, extra services, and prescriptions for refugee claimants, protected persons, resettled refugees, and a few other approved groups.

Permanent residents get a provincial/territorial health card after a 3-month wait, and some non-permanent residents may qualify too. Provinces differ on what they don’t cover, like dental, prescriptions, or eye exams.

Health Challenges for newcomers

§Maternal health

§Mental health: depression and PTSD (war/violence)

§Diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and other chronic illnesses

§Barriers to health care

Nursing Practice Actions

§Question one’s own assumptions and biases

§Build effective relationships with clients

§Be an advocate

§Build partnership with communities

§Be open, be humble, listen

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Holistic Assessment