Into + Research Psychology- Final Exam

What is psychology and how can psychology be studied from different levels of analysis?

Scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior. Studied at mental, societal, behavioral, physiological, neurochemical, and molecular level.

What are the aims of the different theoretical perspectives that have shaped psychology?

Structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, psychoanalysis, cognitive, humanism and positive psychology

Structuralism

aimed to identify the most basic elements of structures of psychological experience through introspection-(moment to moment experiences)

Functionalism

Aimed to understand the adaptive purposes of thought and behavior

Behaviorism

Aimed to uncover how animals learn behaviors through environmental experiences and why people behave differently under certain circumstances

cognitive

Aimed to demonstrate how mental processes shape our behavior

Psychoanalysis

Aimed to uncover mental processes that may be operating below conscious awareness

Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Aimed at understanding how individuals find meaning and meet their full potential

What type of education does a psychologist need

Psy.D

What is the scientific method and the steps

making an observation, forming a hypothesis, making a predication, conducting the experiment and analyzing the data.

What are theories?

body of ideas about a topic from past observations and makes predications about future observations

What are hypotheses?

A predication about the outcome of the research

What are correlation methods?

measure of two variables and see if they have a relationship between them.

What is correlation coefficient and how do you understand it?

a statistical measure that shows the direction and the strength of the relationship between the two variables. 0.9 is strong and 0.1 is weak both are positive.

What are experiments

manipulate one variable and measure the other variable

what are independent variables

manipulated variables

what are dependent variables

measured variables

experiment vs correlational studies

experiment is cause and effect and correlational is the relationship between the two variables