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terms chapter 7 socialization
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28 Terms
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1
socialization
The social processes through which children develop an awareness of social norms and values and achieve a distinct sense of self.
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2
life course
The various transitions and stages people experience during their lives.
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3
social reproduction
The process of perpetuating values, norms, and social practices through socialization, which leads to structural continuity over time.
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4
agents of socialization
Groups or social contexts within which processes of socialization take place.
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5
resocialization
The process whereby people learn new rules and norms upon entering a new social world.
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6
anticipatory socialization
The process whereby we learn about a social role in advance.
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7
hidden curriculum
Traits of behavior or attitudes that are learned at school but not included in the formal curriculum.
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8
peer group
A friendship group composed of individuals of similar age and social status.
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9
age-grade
The system found in small traditional cultures by which people belonging to a similar age group are categorized together.
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10
mass media
Forms of communication designed to reach mass audiences.
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11
social roles
Socially defined expectations of an individual in a given status or social position.
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12
identity
The distinctive characteristics of a person's character relating to who he is and what is meaningful to him.
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13
social identity
The characteristics attributed to an individual by others.
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14
master status
A single identity or status that overpowers all the other identities one holds.
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15
self-identity
The ongoing process of self-development and definition of our personal identity.
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16
cognition
Human thought processes involving perception, reasoning, and remembering.
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17
social self
The basis of self-consciousness in human individuals, according to the theory of G. H. Mead.
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18
self-consciousness
Awareness of one's distinct social identity as a person separate from others.
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19
generalized other
A concept in G. H. Mead's theory involving understanding the general values of a group during the socialization process.
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20
looking-glass self
Cooley's theory that the reactions we elicit in social situations create a mirror in which we see ourselves.
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21
sensorimotor stage
A stage of human cognitive development dominated by perception and touch, according to Jean Piaget.
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22
preoperational stage
A stage of cognitive development in Piaget's theory where the child masters basic modes of logical thought.
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23
egocentric
The characteristic quality of a child during early years, involving understanding the environment solely in terms of one's own position.
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24
concrete operational stage
A stage of cognitive development where thinking is based primarily on physical perception.
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25
formal operational stage
A stage of cognitive development where the child can handle abstract concepts and hypothetical situations.
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26
race socialization
The specific verbal and nonverbal messages transmitted regarding the meaning and significance of race.
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27
gender role socialization
The learning of gender roles through social factors such as schooling and family.
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28
gender roles
Social roles assigned to each sex and labeled as masculine or feminine.
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