Chemistry - rates and equilibrium (The rate and extent of chemical change)

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12 Terms

1

reversible reaction

a reaction were the products can also form the reactants. If one direction is exothermic, the other one is always endothermic

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2

exothermic

transfers energy to the surroundings

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3

endothermic

takes in energy from surrounding

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4

equilibrium

when the forward and backward reaction in a reversible reaction happen at the same rate in a sealed container

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5

le chatelier’s principle

when a change of conditions happens to a system at equilibrium, the position of equilibrium moves to cancel out the change

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6

If the concentration of a system at equilibrium is increased, what happens to the equilibrium?

  • equilibrium shifts to opposite side of substance which has increased concentration

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7

If the concentration of a system at equilibrium is decreased, what happens to the equilibrium?

  • equilibrium shifts to the side of substance which has decreased concentration

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8

(for gaseous reactions)
If the pressure of a system at equilibrium is increased, what happens to the equilibrium?

  • the equilibrium position will shift towards the side with the smaller number of molecules

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9

(for gaseous reactions)

If the pressure of a system at equilibrium is decreased, what happens to the equilibrium?

  • the equilibrium position will shift towards the side with the larger number of molecules

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10

If the temperature of a system at equilibrium is increased, what happens to the equilibrium?

  • equilibrium shifts to the endothermic side to increase products

  • the products at the exothermic side decrease

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11

If the temperature of a system at equilibrium is decreased, what happens to the equilibrium?

  • equilibrium shifts to the exothermic side to decrease products

  • the products at the endothermic side increase

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12
<p>The equilibrium mixture is <strong>cooled. </strong></p><p>Explain what happens to <u>the concentration</u> of the <strong>pink cobalt compound. [3]</strong></p>

The equilibrium mixture is cooled.

Explain what happens to the concentration of the pink cobalt compound. [3]

  • concentration increases

  • because equilibrium moves to the left

  • because the reverse reaction is exothermic

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