NASM Ch 6 Cardiovascular

cardiorespiratory system

A system of the body composed of the heart, blood, blood vessels, lungs, and airways.

cardiovascular system

A system of the body, also known as the circulatory system, that transports blood to tissues of the body.

thoracic cavity

Chamber within the chest that contains the heart and lungs.

heart

a muscular pump that rhythmically contracts to push blood throughout the body

thoracic cavity

lying anteriorly (in front) to the spine and posteriorly (behind) and slightly to the left of the sternum (breastbone)

mediastinum

The space in the chest between the lungs that contains all the internal organs of the chest (e.g., heart, esophagus) except the lungs.

cardiac muscle

Muscle of the heart.

atrium (atria)

Superior chamber(s) of the heart that gathers blood returning to the heart.

ventricle

Inferior chamber of the heart that pumps blood to the lungs and body.

heart

is approximately the size of a typical adult fist, and weighs roughly 300 grams or approximately 10 ounces.

pulmonic side

The right side of the heart is referred to as the; receives blood from the body that is low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide

deoxygenated blood

blood that is low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide

systemic side

The left side of the heart is referred to as; has received oxygenated blood from the lungs that is high in oxygen and low in carbon dioxide

pulmonary

pink

systemic

gray

atria

smaller chambers, located superiorly (on top) on either side of the heart. They gather blood returning to the heart and act much like a reservoir

right atrium

gathers deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the body

left atrium

gathers oxygenated blood coming to the heart from the lungs.

ventricles

larger chambers located inferiorly (on the bottom) on either side of the heart

right ventricle

receives the deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and then pumps it to the lungs through the pulmonary artery to be saturated with incoming oxygen; has thin walls and pumps under low pressure because it only needs to pump blood a short distance to the lungs

left ventricle

receives the oxygenated blood from the left atrium and proceeds to pump it through the entire body; has thicker walls and pumps under high pressure because it pumps blood a greater distance, out to the rest of the body

valves

Each chamber of the heart is separated from one another via one-way _ to prevent a backflow or spillage of blood back into the chambers