Oregon State Board Nail Technology Exam COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | ALREADY PASSED | 2025 LATEST!!

A normal healthy nail is firm and flexible and should be:

Shiny

The portion of living skin on which the nail plate sits is called

Nail bed

Lunula

The half-moon-shaped, whitish area at the base of a nail

Ligament

Tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds and organ in place

Replacement of the natural fingernail usually takes about:

4-6 months

Fingernail that grows the slowest

Thumb

Nail has a water content of

15-25%

Nails are an appendage of the

Skin

The appearance of the nails reflect the general health of

The body

The BLANK is relatively porous and will allow water to pass through

Nail plate

The matrix contains:

Nerves, lymph, and blood vessels

How long does it take for toenails to be fully replaced

Nine months to a year

the act of causing tiny unseen openings in the skin that can allow entry by pathogenic microbes

Microtrauma

Nail clippers

A reusable implement used to shorten the nail plate quickly and efficiently

Nail creams

Barrier products that contain ingredients designed to seal the surface and hold subdermal moisture around the skin

Nail oils

Products designed to absorb into the nail plate to increase flexibility and into the surrounding skin to soften

Nipper

A stainless-steel implement used to carefully trim away dead skin around the nails.

Oval nail

A conservative nail shape that is thought to be attractive on most women's hands. It is similar to a squoval nail with more even and rounded corners

Paraffin

A petroleum by-product that has excellent sealing properties to hold moisture into the skin

Pointed Nail

Nail shape suited to thin hands with long fingers and narrow nail beds. The nail is tapered and longer than usual to emphasize and enhance the slender hands

Bed epithelium

Thin layer of tissue that attaches the nail plate and the nail bed

Eponychium

living skin at the base of the natural nail plate that covers the matrix area

Free edge of nail

Part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of finger or toe

Hyponychium

The slightly thickened layer of skin that lies beneath the free edge of the nail plate.

Matrix

Area where the nail plate cells are formed; area composed of matrix cells that produce the nail plate

Nail bed

Portion of the living skin that supports the nail plate as it grows toward the free edge.

nail cuticle

Dead, colorless tissue attached to the natural nail plate.

Nail folds

Folds of normal skin that surround the natural nail plate

Nail grooves

Slits or furrows on the sides of the sidewall

Nail plate

Hardened keratin plate covering the nail bed. Most visible and functional part of the nail

Natural nail

Also known as Onyx. Made from keratin

Sidewall

Also known as lateral nail fold; the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail.

Longer matrix produces

Thicker nail plate

Nails grow all the time but the rate of growth slow with

Age

Which nail grows fastest

Middle finger

Beau's lines

Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate; usually a result of major illness or injury that has traumatized the body

Bruised nails

Condition in which a blood clot forms under the nail plate, causing a dark purplish spot

Discolored nails

Nails turn a variety of colors; may indicate surface staining, a systematic disorder, or poor blood circulation

Eggshell nails

Noticeably thin, white nail plates that are more flexible that normal and can curve over the free edge

Hangnail (Agnail)

A condition in which the living tissue surrounding the nail plate splits or tears

Leukonychia spots

White spots; whitish discoloration dog the nails, usually caused by injury to the matrix area; not related to the body's health or vitamins

Melanonychia

Darkening of the nails caused by excess melanin; may be in a band or stripe.

Nail disorder

Condition caused by an injury or disease of the nail unit

Nail psoriasis

Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate

Nail pterygium

abnormal condition that occurs when the skin is stretched by the nail plate

Onychia

Inflammation of the nail matrix

Onychocryptosis

Ingrown nail

Onycholysis

The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding

Onychomadesis

The separation and falling off of a nail plate from the nail bed

onychomycosis

a fungal infection of the nail plate

Onychophagy

Bitten nails

Onychorrhexis

Split or brittle nails

Onychosis

Any deformity or disease of the natural nail.

paronychia

Bacterial inflammation of the tissues surrounding the nail causing pus, swelling, and redness

Pincer nail

Trumpet nail; increased crosswise curvature throughout the nail plate caused by increased curvature of the matrix

plicatured nail (folded nail)

a common term used to describe a nail with a highly curved nail plate, usually caused by injury to the matrix

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

One of several common bacteria that can cause nail infection

Pyogenic granuloma

Severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate

Ridges

Vertical lines running through the length of the natural nail plate that are caused by uneven growth of the nails

Splinter hemorrhages

Hemorrhage a caused by trauma or injury to the nail bed that damage the capillaries and allow small amounts of blood to flow

tinea pedis

athletes foot; fungal infection of the feet that caused itchy, red rash of the skin on the bottom of feet or in between toes.

You can help a client deal with a disorder in two ways:

Tell them they have a disorder and refer them to a physician, or cosmetically improve the problem if it is not a medical condition/disorder

Phalanges

Fingers and toes

Metacarpal

Bones of the palm of the hand

tarsal bones

Bones of the ankle

Metatarsals

foot bones

Abductors and adductors

Abductors-draw a limb away from the midline

Adductors-return the limb back toward the body

Extensor digitorum longus

Extends toes

Digital nerve

Sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies impulses to the fingers.

Dorsal nerve

Supplies impulses to toes and foot

State regulations do not permit cosmetologists to:

Cut or nip living skin

dimethyl urea hardeners

A hardener that adds cross links to the natural nail plate.

Disposable implements

Single use implements; must be thrown away or given to the client after each service

Essential oils

Oils extracted using various forms of distillation from the seeds, bark, roots, leaves, wood, or resin of plants

Fine grit abrasives

240 and higher grit abrasives designed for buffing, polishing, and removing very fine scratches

Implements

Tools used to preform services

Lower grit abrasives

Boards and buffers less than 180 grit that quickly reduce the thickness of any surface.

Medium grit adhesives

Used to smooth and refine surfaces and shorten natural nails

Metal pusher

designed to gently scrape cuticle tissue from the natural nail plate

Protein hardeners

A combination of clear polish and protein, such as collagen.

Wooden pusher

A wooden stick used to remove cuticle tissue from the nail plate, to clean under the free edge, or apply products

Callus softeners

Products designed to soften and smooth thickened tissue (calluses)

curette

scoop-shaped instrument for scraping the interior of a cavity or removing new growths

Exfoliating scrubs

Water based lotions that contain a mild fruity abrasive and moisturizers for removing dry and flaky skin

Foot file

Paddle; large file used to reduce and smooth thicker calluses

Foot soaks

Products containing gentle soaps, moisturizers, and other additives that are used in a pedicure bath to cleanse and soften the skin

Nail rasp

Metal implements with a grooved edge that is used for filing and smoothing edges of nail playe

Pedicure

a foot treatment that could include soaking the feet and polishing the toenails

Manicure

A treatment for hands and nails

Reflexology

the use of compression massage on designated areas on the hands and feet

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene

Also known as ABS; a common thermoplastic used to make light, rigid, molded nail tips.

Cyanoacrylate

A specialized acrylic monomer that has excellent adhesion to the natural nail plate and polymerizes in seconds

Fabric wrap

Nail wrap made of silk, linen, or fiberglass

Fiberglass wraps

made from a very thin synthetic mesh with a loose weave

Linen wraps

Made from a closely woven, heavy material.

Nail enhancements should be serviced

After two or more weeks

Nail dehydrator

A substance used to remove surface moisture and tiny amounts of oil left of the natural nail

Nail tip adhesive

Bonding agent to secure tip to natural nail

nail wraps

Nail enhancements made by using nail-size pieces of cloth or paper to ensure strength and durability are:

Wrap resin

Used to coat and secure fabric wraps to natural nail and tip