FRESHMAN THEOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE Mrs. Innamorato + Mrs. Huntt SACRAMENTS Word Bank: Jesus | grace | physical | Christ | priest | faith | outward/visible sign | Church A sacrament is an outward/visible sign of inward grace. Jesus instituted the sacraments. Catholics believe God uses physical things to give spiritual grace. Sacraments help strengthen our faith. A sacrament works because of God’s power, not because of the holiness of the priest. Sacraments are actions of Christ working through the Church. A sacrament actually gives grace, not just symbolizes it. True or False (correct if needed): The sacraments are important in Catholic life. → True The words and physical elements of a sacrament matter. → True If the correct matter and form are missing, a sacrament may be invalid. → True A sacrament can be effective even if the person receiving it does not feel anything. → True Sacraments shape both the individual and the entire Church community. → True BAPTISM Word Bank: Original Sin | water | Baptism | adoption | white | oil Baptism actually removes Original Sin. Baptism is required before receiving the other sacraments. We see adoption happen in Baptism. What color do we wear in Baptism? white What form gives strength against sin, protection from evil, and preparation for Christian life? oil True or False: A person must feel changed for Baptism to be effective. → False (Baptism works even if you don’t feel it) In an emergency, a non-priest can baptize someone. → True Baptism only matters if someone continues to practice the faith. → False (it always matters) SANCTIFYING GRACE When God’s own life lives within your soul, this is called Sanctifying Grace. THE EUCHARIST Word Bank: Body and Blood | bread and wine | Cross | Host | appearance | Eucharist Catholics believe Jesus is truly present in the Host. The Eucharist is truly the Body and Blood of Christ. bread and wine are used because they were common foods at the Last Supper. The appearance of bread and wine remains after consecration. The Eucharist is the same sacrifice as the Cross, made present again. Jesus is fully present in every particle of the Host. True or False: The Eucharist is a symbol that helps Catholics remember Jesus. → False (It IS Jesus, not just a symbol) The Eucharist is the most important sacrament. → True EUCHARISTIC MIRACLES Every Eucharistic Miracle has the following elements: (Typical answer: consecrated host showing physical change into flesh/blood, confirmed by Church approval, and a miracle that strengthens faith) CONFIRMATION & SACRED CHRISM Word Bank: bishop | permanent spiritual mark | noticeable | Christ forever | apostles | remains | perfume | forehead Sacred Chrism is blessed by the bishop once a year. The anointing with Chrism leaves a permanent spiritual mark. The scent of Chrism is meant to remind Christians that faith should be noticeable. The anointing with Chrism shows that a person belongs to Christ forever. The bishop’s role in blessing Chrism connects the sacrament to the apostles. The oil of Chrism fades, but the seal it gives remains. What form is supposed to remind us that faith should be noticeable? perfume Why is your forehead anointed in Confirmation? → To show faith publicly and visibly. RECONCILIATION Word Bank: apostles | Christ | grace | confession | forgiveness Jesus gave the apostles the authority to forgive sins. In Reconciliation, the priest acts in the person of Christ. Reconciliation restores grace lost through sin. Heaven rejoices when someone goes to confession. God forgives sins even if the priest is not personally holy because forgiveness comes from Christ. True or False: Reconciliation was created by the Church long after Jesus. → False A priest may share what is said in confession. → False Confession must be spoken out loud. → True If you purposely don’t say a sin, you are in deeper sin. → True ANOINTING OF THE SICK & LAST RITES Word Bank: Confession | Anointing of the Sick | Holy Communion | Apostolic Pardon | Viaticum Last Rites may include: Confession, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Communion, Apostolic Pardon, Viaticum The Apostolic Pardon removes all punishment due to sin. Viaticum is the Eucharist given to someone preparing to meet God. Confession is normally received before Anointing of the Sick, if possible. True or False: Last Rites should only be given at the end of life. → False The Apostolic Pardon is only effective if the person is conscious. → False Last Rites prepare the soul, not signal hopelessness. → True A person is abandoned by the Church afterward. → False HOLY ORDERS & MARRIAGE Openness to children is required for a valid marriage. Marriage can be repeated if one spouse dies. Deacons can baptize and witness marriages but cannot consecrate the Eucharist. True or False: Contraception is allowed in Catholic marriage. → False Priests act in Christ’s person only during Mass. → False (also sacraments/confession) Nuns and sisters have roles sacramentally equivalent to priests. → False HEAVEN Word Bank: God | Beatific Vision | identity | saints Heaven is perfect union with God. Beatific Vision means seeing God face to face in perfect happiness. In Heaven we keep our identity. If we go to Heaven we become saints. True or False: We keep identity and relationships in Heaven. → True We can suffer in Heaven. → False We become angels. → False HELL Word Bank: without God | eternal | human freedom | reject God Hell is without God. Hell is eternal separation from God. Hell is evidence of human freedom. People in Hell freely reject God and His love. True or False: People can pray souls out of Hell. → False PURGATORY Word Bank: purification | temporary | Heaven | God’s grace | unclean Purgatory is a place of purification. Purgatory is temporary. Purgatory leads us to Heaven. Those who die in God’s grace but need purification go to Purgatory. Nothing unclean enters Heaven. True or False: Heaven and Purgatory are both temporary. → False Can you help souls in Purgatory? → Yes DIVINE MERCY Jesus appeared to St. Faustina and taught the Divine Mercy Chaplet. “For the sake of His sorrowful passion, have mercy on us and on the whole world.” Divine Mercy is found in the Heart of Jesus. PRAYER Word Bank: Adoration | Contrition | Thanksgiving | Supplication ACTS stands for: A = Adoration C = Contrition T = Thanksgiving S = Supplication Prayer is communication with God. Prayer involves speaking and listening. True or False: Prayer is only asking God for things. → False Prayer strengthens relationship with God. → True Jesus modeled prayer. → True ELIJAH & PRAYER Elijah challenged prophets of Baal. Elijah rebuilt the altar of the Lord. God sent fire from heaven. “The Lord—He is God!” True or False: Elijah tried to prove his own power. → False Elijah trusted God before result. → True God answered Elijah’s prayer. → True SOUL (MOVIE) Joe Gardner wants to be a jazz musician. The soul 22 does not want to go to Earth. A “spark” is not the same as a person’s purpose/soul. FREE WILL & JOSEPH Joseph’s brothers sold him. He was taken to Egypt. “You intended harm, but God intended it for good.” True or False: Joseph’s life went exactly as planned. → False God worked through it. → True Joseph did not forgive. → False END TIMES Death Judgment Heaven Hell immediately end God God purification True or False: Catholics believe in rapture. → False Christ will return. → True Hell is real. → True Choices matter eternally. → True TUDY GUIDE SACRAMENTS Word Bank: Jesus | grace | physical | Christ | priest | faith | outward/visible sign | Church A sacrament is an outward/visible sign of inward grace. Jesus instituted the sacraments. Catholics believe God uses physical things to give spiritual grace. Sacraments help strengthen our faith. A sacrament works because of God’s power, not because of the holiness of the priest. Sacraments are actions of Christ working through the Church. A sacrament actually gives grace, not just symbolizes it. True or False (correct if needed): The sacraments are important in Catholic life. → True The words and physical elements of a sacrament matter. → True If the correct matter and form are missing, a sacrament may be invalid. → True A sacrament can be effective even if the person receiving it does not feel anything. → True Sacraments shape both the individual and the entire Church community. → True BAPTISM Word Bank: Original Sin | water | Baptism | adoption | white | oil Baptism actually removes Original Sin. Baptism is required before receiving the other sacraments. We see adoption happen in Baptism. What color do we wear in Baptism? white What form gives strength against sin, protection from evil, and preparation for Christian life? oil True or False: A person must feel changed for Baptism to be effective. → False (Baptism works even if you don’t feel it) In an emergency, a non-priest can baptize someone. → True Baptism only matters if someone continues to practice the faith. → False (it always matters) SANCTIFYING GRACE When God’s own life lives within your soul, this is called Sanctifying Grace. THE EUCHARIST Word Bank: Body and Blood | bread and wine | Cross | Host | appearance | Eucharist Catholics believe Jesus is truly present in the Host. The Eucharist is truly the Body and Blood of Christ. bread and wine are used because they were common foods at the Last Supper. The appearance of bread and wine remains after consecration. The Eucharist is the same sacrifice as the Cross, made present again. Jesus is fully present in every particle of the Host. True or False: The Eucharist is a symbol that helps Catholics remember Jesus. → False (It IS Jesus, not just a symbol) The Eucharist is the most important sacrament. → True EUCHARISTIC MIRACLES Every Eucharistic Miracle has the following elements: (Typical answer: consecrated host showing physical change into flesh/blood, confirmed by Church approval, and a miracle that strengthens faith) CONFIRMATION & SACRED CHRISM Word Bank: bishop | permanent spiritual mark | noticeable | Christ forever | apostles | remains | perfume | forehead Sacred Chrism is blessed by the bishop once a year. The anointing with Chrism leaves a permanent spiritual mark. The scent of Chrism is meant to remind Christians that faith should be noticeable. The anointing with Chrism shows that a person belongs to Christ forever. The bishop’s role in blessing Chrism connects the sacrament to the apostles. The oil of Chrism fades, but the seal it gives remains. What form is supposed to remind us that faith should be noticeable? perfume Why is your forehead anointed in Confirmation? → To show faith publicly and visibly. RECONCILIATION Word Bank: apostles | Christ | grace | confession | forgiveness Jesus gave the apostles the authority to forgive sins. In Reconciliation, the priest acts in the person of Christ. Reconciliation restores grace lost through sin. Heaven rejoices when someone goes to confession. God forgives sins even if the priest is not personally holy because forgiveness comes from Christ. True or False: Reconciliation was created by the Church long after Jesus. → False A priest may share what is said in confession. → False Confession must be spoken out loud. → True If you purposely don’t say a sin, you are in deeper sin. → True ANOINTING OF THE SICK & LAST RITES Word Bank: Confession | Anointing of the Sick | Holy Communion | Apostolic Pardon | Viaticum Last Rites may include: Confession, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Communion, Apostolic Pardon, Viaticum The Apostolic Pardon removes all punishment due to sin. Viaticum is the Eucharist given to someone preparing to meet God. Confession is normally received before Anointing of the Sick, if possible. True or False: Last Rites should only be given at the end of life. → False The Apostolic Pardon is only effective if the person is conscious. → False Last Rites prepare the soul, not signal hopelessness. → True A person is abandoned by the Church afterward. → False HOLY ORDERS & MARRIAGE Openness to children is required for a valid marriage. Marriage can be repeated if one spouse dies. Deacons can baptize and witness marriages but cannot consecrate the Eucharist. True or False: Contraception is allowed in Catholic marriage. → False Priests act in Christ’s person only during Mass. → False (also sacraments/confession) Nuns and sisters have roles sacramentally equivalent to priests. → False HEAVEN Word Bank: God | Beatific Vision | identity | saints Heaven is perfect union with God. Beatific Vision means seeing God face to face in perfect happiness. In Heaven we keep our identity. If we go to Heaven we become saints. True or False: We keep identity and relationships in Heaven. → True We can suffer in Heaven. → False We become angels. → False HELL Word Bank: without God | eternal | human freedom | reject God Hell is without God. Hell is eternal separation from God. Hell is evidence of human freedom. People in Hell freely reject God and His love. True or False: People can pray souls out of Hell. → False PURGATORY Word Bank: purification | temporary | Heaven | God’s grace | unclean Purgatory is a place of purification. Purgatory is temporary. Purgatory leads us to Heaven. Those who die in God’s grace but need purification go to Purgatory. Nothing unclean enters Heaven. True or False: Heaven and Purgatory are both temporary. → False Can you help souls in Purgatory? → Yes DIVINE MERCY Jesus appeared to St. Faustina and taught the Divine Mercy Chaplet. “For the sake of His sorrowful passion, have mercy on us and on the whole world.” Divine Mercy is found in the Heart of Jesus. PRAYER Word Bank: Adoration | Contrition | Thanksgiving | Supplication ACTS stands for: A = Adoration C = Contrition T = Thanksgiving S = Supplication Prayer is communication with God. Prayer involves speaking and listening. True or False: Prayer is only asking God for things. → False Prayer strengthens relationship with God. → True Jesus modeled prayer. → True ELIJAH & PRAYER Elijah challenged prophets of Baal. Elijah rebuilt the altar of the Lord. God sent fire from heaven. “The Lord—He is God!” True or False: Elijah tried to prove his own power. → False Elijah trusted God before result. → True God answered Elijah’s prayer. → True SOUL (MOVIE) Joe Gardner wants to be a jazz musician. The soul 22 does not want to go to Earth. A “spark” is not the same as a person’s purpose/soul. FREE WILL & JOSEPH Joseph’s brothers sold him. He was taken to Egypt. “You intended harm, but God intended it for good.” True or False: Joseph’s life went exactly as planned. → False God worked through it. → True Joseph did not forgive. → False END TIMES Death Judgment Heaven Hell immediately end God God purification True or False: Catholics believe in rapture. → False Christ will return. → True Hell is real. → True Choices matter eternally. → True

What is a sacrament?

An outward/visible sign of inward grace.

Who instituted the sacraments?

Jesus.

What do Catholics believe regarding physical elements?

God uses physical things to give spiritual grace.

What do sacraments help strengthen?

Our faith.

What makes a sacrament effective?

God’s power, not the holiness of the priest.

What are sacraments?

Actions of Christ working through the Church.

What do sacraments actually give?

Grace, not just a symbol.

What is the significance of Baptism?

Baptism removes Original Sin.

What color is worn during Baptism?

White.

How does Confirmation show belonging to Christ?

The anointing with Chrism shows that a person belongs to Christ forever.

How does Reconciliation affect grace?

It restores grace lost through sin.

What does Hell signify?

Eternal separation from God.

What is Purgatory?

A place of purification that leads to Heaven.

What does Divine Mercy refer to?

Mercy found in the Heart of Jesus.

What does ACTS stand for in prayer?

Adoration, Contrition, Thanksgiving, Supplication.

Who wanted to be a jazz musician in the movie 'Soul'?

Joe Gardner.

What did Joseph’s brothers do?

They sold him.

What do the End Times include?

Death, Judgment, Heaven, Hell.