CNA Chap 1 - Understanding Healthcare Settings

long-term care

care given in long-term care facilities for those who need 24 hour skilled care

skilled care

medically necessary care given by a skilled nurse/therapist, ordered by doctors, involves a treatment plan, available 24 hours a day

length of stay

how long the patient stays in a healthcare facility

chronic illness

long-term conditions of a year or more that includes:

• physical disabilities

• heart disease

• dementia

people with these types of conditions in LTC facilities are referred to as residents

Home-health care

care provided in a home, usually to older people with a chronic illness

• may be needed after a hospital stay

• skilled assistance/monitoring may be needed

• people are usually referred to as clients

diagnoses

medical conditions determined by a doctor

assisted living facilities

residencies for people who need some help with daily care, such as showering, meals and dressing

• do not need 24 hour care

• more independent, homelike environment

• people who are unable to live alone, but are still fairly independent

• may be attached to LTC facility, may stand alone, may have dementia unit

example of assisted living facility

Arcadia

dementia

serious loss of mental abilities such as thinking, remembering, reasoning, communicating

adult day services

for people who need some assistance and supervision during certain hours, but who do not live in the facility where care is provided

• generally for people who need some help but are not seriously ill or disabled

• can also provide a break for spouses, friends, and family members

acute care

24 hour skilled care given in hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers for people who require short-term, immediate care for illnesses or injuries. people are also admitted for short stays for surgery

examples of acute care

ER, trauma center, acute surgery (for immediate surgeries like appendectomies)

subacute care

given in hospitals or LTC facilities for people who need less than acute care but more than long-term care treatment

usually ends when the condition has stabilized or predetermined length of treatment has been completed

examples of subacute care

post-surgery care

stroke rehabilitation

outpatient care

care for people who have had treatments, procedures, or surgeries, and need short-term skilled care

patients do not stay overnight

rehabilitation

given by specialists and professionals that provide PT, OT, and speech therapists for improved function after injury or illness

hospice care

given in homes or facilities who have approx 6 months left to live

managed care

seeks to control costs by limiting plan members’ choice of healthcare providers and facilities

focuses on improving quality of care while maintaining affordability

examples of managed care

Healthcare Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) and Preferred Provider Organization (PPOs)

how can cost control effect healthcare

hospital stays may be shorter and any additionally necessary care may be done in a rehab hospital or LTCF

ADLs Activities of Daily Living

basic self care tasks including:

• bathing

• skin/nail care

• mouth care

• walking

• eating/drinking

• dressing

• transferring

• elimination/toileting

policy

a course of action that should be taken every time a situation occurs

example of policy

HIPAA

procedure

a method or way of doing something

example of procedure

reporting info about residents, such as what form to fill out, when to fill it out, how often to fill it out, who to give it to

cite

to document a problem found during a survey (inspection)

Medicare

a federal health insurance program for people 65+. also covers people with permanent kidney failure or certain disabilities

4 parts of medicare

part A: helps pay for care in hospital or skilled nursing facility or care from a HHA or hospice

part B: helps pay for doctor services and any other medical services and equipment

part C: allows private healthcare insurance companies to provide medicare benefits

part D: helps pay for medications prescribed for treatment

what will medicare pay for

only what is deemed medically necessary

Medicaid

a medical assistance program for low-income and/or disabled people

funded for by federal gov and each state

eligibility is determined by income/special circumstances, people must qualify

culture change

the process of transforming services for elders so they are based on the values and practices of the person receiving care

to honor culture change, healthcare settings may need to change their organization, physical environment, practices, and relationships

person centered/person directed care

care that respects and responds to an individual’s preferences, needs, and values, putting them at the center of all decisions

focuses on their capabilities, individuality, and dignity

trauma-informed care

the way of approaching patient care that recognizes that people have experienced trauma like abuse, neglect, prison, military combat, unstable home environments, poverty