Bible ch2

Children of isreal

organized into twelve tribes

Second Temple period

Span of Jewish history, four periods

The Persian Period

Nation ruled by high priests with minimal interference from the Persian kings. Teaching and worship, faithfulness to Torah

The Hellenistic Period

Alexander the great. Antiochus IV Epiphanes

The Hasmonean Period

“Maccabees” (Hammers) Led a revolt against Antiochus and won. Temple was defiled by Antiochus. Festival of Hanukkah ”Hasmonean” “Pharisees” “Sadducess”

The Roman Period

Civil War, Roman Empire

Essenes

Ascetic specialists that lived in private communities. Preserved the Dead Sea Scrolls library. Ritual baths and sacred meals. (John The Baptist)

Zealots

Anti-roman jews. Sicarii. Disastrous war against Rome. (Simon the Zealot)

Herodians

Political coalition of Jews who supported the family and dynasty of Herod

Samaritans

Lived in Samaria between Judea and Galilee. Claimed they were true Israel. Did not accept anything as scripture but the Pentateuch. Not actual children of Israel. Had their own temple in Mount Gerizirm. Did not interact with jews

Gentiles

Two largest cities, Tiberias and Sepphoris. Anti-semitism

Hellenism

The influence of Greek culture, prominite in the roman empire. Sometimes refered to as greco-roman world. Jewish people considered to be this

Diaspora

Dispersion

Aramic

Common language for Jesus

Septuagint

Seventy. Greek translation of the Bible

Apocrypha

The 15 additonal books in the Bible

Wisdom Theology

Popular, revealed truth, (Proverbs, Jobs, Ecclesiates)

Dualism

More prominent, Good and Evil

Apocalypticism

Radical dualistic outlook

Purity Codes

Derived from Torah, articulated public, observable, ways in which Jewish people would live differently than most of the population.