Biochemistry and Molecules of life

Lipids are made mostly of

Hydrogen and carbon atoms

Lipids are used for?

To store energy

Types of lipids

fats, oils, waxes

Some lipids are important parts of

biological membranes and waterproof coverings

Monomer- glycerol & fatty acid

polymer - lipid

Cohesion attracts

the same substances

saturated lipids contain the _____ of H atoms

max

if there is at least one double bond between the carbons in the fatty acid it is ____

unsaturated

if each carbon atom in a lipids fatty acid chains is joined to another carbon by a single bond it is ____

saturated

Nucleic acids contain

hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and phosphorus

Nucleotides - monomer

polymer- nucleic acids

adhesion attracts

different substances

3 parts of a nucleotide

5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base

nucleic acids store

transmit hereditary genetic information

2 kinds of nucleic acids

RNA and DNA

carbohydrates are

organic compounds

carbohydrates contain

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

ratio of carbon

1 carbon 2 hydrogen to 1 oxygen

the number of carbons may vary but the

ratio stays the same

carbs are used for

energy

protein shape can be influenced by

Temperature and pH levels

monomer - monosaccharide

polymer - carbohydrate

Monosaccharides are also known as

simple sugars

common simple sugars are

glucose, fructose and galactose

galactose is in

milk

fructose is in

fruit

polysaccharides are composed of 3 or more

monosaccharides

____ is a polysaccaride that stores glucose in animals

glycogen

two monosaccharides can combine to form a

disaccharide

Proteins contain

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

proteins are formed from the linkage of monomers called

amino acids

monomer - amino acid

polymer - protein

covalent bonds ____ electrons

share

ionic bonds _____ electrons

transfer

electrons have a

negative charge

protons have a

positive charge

neutrons have a

neutral charge

solute

substance that is being dissolved in a solution

solvent

substance in a solution

acid

Ph less than 7

Base

Ph more than 7