Chapter 17 vertebrates

Amphibians

Mix of aquatic & land animals that first colonized land

Metamorphosis

Transition from aquatic larva to terrestrial adult

Tetrapods

Four feet

Reptiles

Animals that have scaled waterproof skin & descendants of Dinos

Amniotes

Produce aminotic eggs that are fluid filled & waterproof

Reptiles adaptions to life on land

Scaled waterproof skin & aminatic eggs

Ectotherms

Can absorb external heat instead of generating energy through food

Birds

Evolved from small two legged Dinos (theropods)

Endothermic

Use metabolic heat to maintain body temp

Adaptions for flight

Honeycomb bones, no teeth, one ovary instead of two

Mammals

Have hair & glands producing milk for babies

3 groups of mammals

Monotremes, marsupials, eutherians

Monotremes

Egg laying mammals

Marsupials

Pouched mammal w/ placenta

eutherians

Placental mammals

Primates

Mammal group that includes homo sapiens

Aboreal primate traits

Limber shoulders, closer eyes, hand-eye coordination, extensive parental care

3 groups of primates

Small monkeys, tarsiers, anthropoids

Small monkeys

Lemurs, lorises, bush babies

Tarsiers

Nocturnal tree dwellers

Anthropoids

Monkeys & apes with opposable thumbs

Non human apes

Gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzee

Bipedal

Walk upright

Human traits

Bipedal, larger brain

Homo erectus

First species to extend human range

Homo Neanderthals

Hunters with large brains & tools

Unique human traits

Brains grow post birth, longest growth time, culture development