Coelom & Viscera

Coelom

Anterior body cavity aka ventral body cavity

Thoracic cavity and abdomniopelvic

Posterior body cavities

Cranial cavity

Vertebral cavity

Diaphragm

Structure: Dome shaped sheet of skeletal muscle tissue with openings

Function: divides the thoracic and abdominal cavities

3 openings

Viscera

Organs within coelom

Names of all organs found in the coelom

Hiatus

Opening

Aortic hiatus

Opening for the aorta through the diaphragm

Caval hiatus

Opening for the inferior vena cava

Esophageal hiatus

Opening for the esophagus and the vagus nerves through the diaphragm

Thoracic cavity

Includes the pleural cavities, pericardial cavity, and mediastinum

Serous fluid

Fluid in the serous sacs

Structure: slippery

Function: reduce friction as organs move

Serous sac

Structure: 2 layer membrane, serous membrane separated by serous fluid

Fluid sac that surrounds all visceral organs

Serous membrane AKA serosa

Wall

Named after associated organ

Structure: inner and out layers. Serous cavity, 2 parts

Serous membrane/serosa inner layer

Structure: simple squamous ET

Function: Make serous fluid

Serous membrane/serosa outer layer

Structure: areolar CT

Function: metabolic support

Serous cavity

Contains serous fluid

Location: between parietal and visceral

Named after serosa

Example: pleural cavity

2 parts of serosa

Visceral serosa

Parietal serosa

Visceral serosa

Sticks to organ surface

Example: visceral pleura

Parietal serosa

Sticks to body wall and surrounding organs

Example: parietal pleura

Peritoneal cavity

Subset of the abdomenopelvic cavity and pelvic cavity

Filled with serous fluid and surrounds all the abdominalopelvic viscera that are Intraperitoneal

Peritoneum

Serious membrane that surrounds abdominal organs

Parietal peritoneum

Location: body walls

Lines anterior and posterior body walls

Visceral peritoneum

Location: surface of internal organs only

Mesenteries

Extensions of visceral peritoneum to the posterior body wall

Contains NAVL

Function: anchor organs to body walls, stores belly fat

Visceral organs

Intraperitoneal

Retroperitoneal

Intraperitoneal

Organs fully covered by peritoneum

Includes:

Super sexy singles jump in to get laid

sigmoid colon,

stomach,

spleen,

Jejunum,

ileum,

transverse colon,

gallbladder,

liver

Retroperitoneal

Organs partially covered by peritoneum

SAD PUCKER =

Suprarenal (adrenal) gland

Aorta (and inferior vena cava)

Duodenum

Pancreas

Ureters

Colon

Kidneys

Esophagus (distal)

Rectum (proximal)

Urinary bladder (below peritoneum)

Peritoneal cavity

Serous cavity in abdominal cavity

Location: Between visceral and parietal layers

Mesentery proper

Extension of the visceral peritoneum. Function: Anchors jejunum and ileum to posterior wall

Mesocolon

Function: anchors transverse and sigmoid colon to posterior body wall

Sigmoid colon

Last segment of the large intestine

S shaped

Greater omentum

Extension of visceral peritoneum. Drape in front of small intestines. Function: Attach stomach to transverse colon

Lesser omentum

Function: Attach stomach to liver

Coronary ligament

Attaches liver to diaphragm

Falciform ligament

Attaches liver to anterior wall

Ligamentum teres hepatis

Structure: liver to umbilicus vein. Dense irregular CT

Function: Remnant of umbilical vein = carried oxygen blood to fetus before 1st breath. No longer functional.