FPPS 127_EXERCISE 1 - Pre-Lab Review

Created: 8-13-2026, 5AM

Woody portion of the vascular tissue

Xylem

Technical term for inner bark

Phloem

Technical term for outer bark

Rhytidome

Vascular system part where upward conduction occurs

Xylem

Vascular system part where downward conduction occurs

Phloem

Meristematic tissue located in between the xylem and phloem. It continues growing

Vascular cambium

Oldest phloem is the most recent _____, Oldest xylem is the one in the _____

bark

middle

A parenchymatous cylinder, innermost portion of the stele

Pith

Tissues that function for lateral distribution of materials within the tree

Wood rays

growth, xylary, or annual rings, accumulated xylem for any given year

Growth Increments

Growth rings are more prominent in ____ areas

temperate

Latewood is what shade in the growth ring of Softwoods?

Dark

Earlywood is what shade in the growth ring of Softwoods?

Light

Earlywood what indicator in Hardwoods?

Larger pores

Latewood what indicator in Hardwoods?

Smaller pores

What season is earlywood formed?

Rainy

What season is latewood formed?

Dry

Growth rings are widest near the lower/higher? part of the crown. This is due to its proximity to the food source, near the _____

lower

leaves

Growth rings are widest near the ___ region. This is due to parenchymatous cells, where food storage is

Pith

Rings that fail to develop around the complete cross section because the cambium remains inactive in one or more places in the stem. It is commonly found in heavily defoliated, suppressed, over-mature trees

Discontinuous ring

Excess rings produced during alternating poor and favorable conditions

False rings

Difference of pore and resin duct:

1. consistency - pores are ____ a wood ray

2. size - resin ducts are s___

along

smaller

Gross Feature of Wood:

____ features

• identifying strictly based on the naked eye and your senses

Physical

Gross Feature of Wood:

______ features

• identifying strictly based on the naked eye along with aid of hand lens

Structural

Physical Feature of wood that’s due to extractives

Color

Physical Feature of wood that is the size and proportional amount of cells in the wood

Texture

Pore outlines are very distinct to the naked eye

Coarse

Pore outlines are clearly visible only with hand lens

Fine

Pore outlines are in the middle, visible to naked eye or with aid of hand lens. “Moderately”

Moderately coarse

Moderately fine

Physical Feature of wood where it varies on amount of wood substance presents per unit

volume, amount of extractives and according to moisture content.

Weight

The cross-section of a vessel

Pores

Type of pore occlusion that are cyst-like outgrowths of parenchyma cells, found in heartwood

Tyloses

Type of pore occlusion that are gummy-colored substances found inside vessels. Usually colored-white

Deposits

What family of wood has only tyloses but strictly no deposits

Dipterocarpaceae

Refers to classification of hardwoods on the basis of pore size and distribution

Topography

Difference of hardwood vs softwood where it has all cell types

Hardwood

Difference of hardwood vs softwood where it is missing this cell type

Vessels

softwood

When the temperature is high and relative humidity is low, wood releases moisture. What does it do?

shrink

When the temperature is low and relative humidity is high, wood suppresses moisture. What does it do?

swells

What only 2 wood species have a semi-ring porous topography?

Gmelina and Pinka-pinkahan

What species has profuse tyloses?

Kakauate

What species has sulfur-like Deposits?

Ipil

What species has long Aliform confluent parenchyma?

Narra

What speces has thick Vasicentric Parenchyma?

Rain tree

Diffuse resin ducts are only present in what Family?

Dipterocarpaceae

What are the species that have Diffuse resin ducts?

Palosapis

Apitong

Narig

Where is the oldest phloem located?

Bark

Give me the wood classification/transition of Soft pine

Gradual

Give me the wood classification/transition of Hard pine

Abrupt

Give me the wood classification/transition of Diffuse porous

Gradual

Give me the wood classification/transition of Ring porous

Abrupt

Give me three examples of Ring porous species

Spanish cedar

Teak

Bagalunga

Give me examples of Diffuse porous species

Manggasinoro

Red lauan

Is narra ring porous or diffuse porous

Ring porous