UTS 3

Week 3

What is the difference between James’ “I” and “Me”?

“I” = subjective knower, continuous sense of self; “Me” = objective known self (material, social, spiritual).

What are the three parts of the “Me” self?

Material (body, possessions), Social (roles, relationships), Spiritual (inner values, beliefs).

What are Freud’s three parts of the self?

Id (instincts, pleasure principle), Ego (rational mediator, reality principle), Superego (moral conscience).

What does Freud’s iceberg metaphor illustrate?

Conscious = tip, Preconscious = just below surface, Unconscious = vast hidden drives.

Name three defense mechanisms Freud described.

Repression, Projection, Rationalization (others: denial, displacement, sublimation).

What is Rogers’ self-concept theory?

Real self vs Ideal self; congruence = psychological health.

What are Rogers’ three conditions for growth?

Genuineness, Empathy, Unconditional Positive Regard.

What is self-efficacy according to Bandura?

Belief in one’s ability to succeed in specific situations.

What is reciprocal determinism?

Continuous interaction of self, behavior, and environment.

How do we learn according to Bandura?

By observing others, not just through direct experience.

What is Jung’s concept of the persona?

The social mask we present to the world.

What is the shadow in Jung’s theory?

Hidden, repressed aspects of the self.

What are anima and animus?

Feminine side of men (anima), masculine side of women (animus).

What is the collective unconscious?

Shared reservoir of archetypes and universal symbols.

What is individuation in Jung’s theory?

Integrating conscious and unconscious to become a whole, authentic self.