depth study 5

what is the pale

the area surrounding dublin, traditionally english rule did not extend beyond the pale.

what is the tanistry

irish syetem that governed the inheritance of titles and land. under this system all those who bore the family name, known as a clan, were ruled by a leader chosen among the adult males in that clan so titles did not always move from father to son like in england.

what is a plantation

english encouraged to settle in ireland based on colonisation of the new world by Raleigh

what is composition

a plan by the english to combine payments (used to be one to the english to cover cost of troops permeantly in town and one to irish chieftain to cover cost of private army and household

religious long term causes of the rebellion

when Henry VIII broke with rome, Ireland stayed mostly catholic so were more likely to support a catholic crusade against england.

political long term causes of the rebellion

in 1541 the irish chieftains agreed to recognise henrys right to be king of ireland and the enlgish encouraged them to give up their land to the king. the lands were then re grandted to them and they became tenants in chief of the english crown and were given english titles

Under mary the anglo irish nobility remained semi independant so mary appointed an english lord deputy, the earl of susex who fortified the pale and encouraged english settelers to go to ireland to ‘civilise’ the irish and introdue english customs.

Elizabeth introduced councils in Munster and Connaught moddeled on councils of the north and wales. also irish regions were divided into english style counties. This led to an unssuccessful rebellions in munster which were forceably put down and rebel land was taken for english settelers

composition was also used to increase hold over ireland

international long term causes of the rebellion

irelnd was catholic and had links to spain in the past so there was worry that becuase spain wa in a war with england, they would help the irish

what was the problems with english settelers in ulster

from the 1570s english settelers began to encroach on ulster when the earl of sussex and sir thomas smith were granted a contract to establish a settlement. it failed but resulted in violence with 200 members of the o’neill clan killed in 1574 and 500 of the o’donnel clan in 1574

What were tyrone’s resentments

Hugh o’neill, earl of tyrone

tensions grew with the english settlement in ireland