Draganski (2004)

Biological Approach - Jugglers

AIM

To investigate whether learning a new motor skill (juggling) leads to structural changes in the brain, specifically increased grey matter.

METHOD

• Quasi-experiment using MRI scans

• 24 adults with no prior juggling experience

• Divided into experimental group (learned to juggle) + control group (did not learn to juggle)

PROCEDURE

1. All participants received an initial MRI scan

2. Experimental group practiced juggling for 3 months until they could juggle 3 balls continuously for 60 seconds

3. Participants then received a second MRI scan

4. After 3 months without practice, a third MRI scan was conducted

RESULTS

• The experimental group showed a significant increase in grey matter volume in the relevant brain areas after learning to juggle

• After the 3-month no-practice period, the grey matter decreased, but remained higher than at baseline

• The control group showed no significant changes in brain structure

CONCLUSION

• Learning a new skill can cause structural changes in the adult brain

• These findings support the concept of neuroplasticity

• Brain changes are experience-dependent and can recede if the skill is not maintained