Final Review: Trends of the Periodic Table to Stoichiometry (Chemistry 10)

Which compound had double bonds within its molecular structure?

CO2

According to the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of the reacting substance is

Always equal to the total mass of the product

The equation below that does not violate the law of conservation of mass is

2Fe2O3 + 3C ➡4Fe + 3 CO2

Copper is one of a group of metals called the coinage metals. How many atoms of Copper (Cu) are in a pure copper coin weighing 12.0 g?

1.13 × 10²³ atoms

The electron configurations of main-group elements end in

S and P orbitals

To solve a mass-mass stoichiometry problem, you must know the …

Coefficients of the balanced equation

Sulfur (S) needs two more electrons to fill its outermost energy level. What is the number of electrons that S has in its outermost energy level before it forms a bond?

6

Solid aluminum and gaseous oxygen react in a combination reaction to produce aluminum oxide: 4 Al + 3 O2 ➡ 2 Al2 O3

In a particular experiment, the reaction of 2.5g of Al with 2.5 of O2 produced 3.5 g of Al2 O3. The % yield of the reaction is

74

The reaction Mg + 2HCl ➡ H2 + MgCl2 is a

Single displacement

An element with the electron configuration 1s²2s²2p^6 will be ionized to an

Anion

4Fe + ? O2 ➡ 2Fe2O3

How many oxygen (O2) molecules are needed to balance the chemical equation shown above

3

The shape of a molecule that has two covalent single bonds and no lone pairs on the central atom is …

Linear

The reaction 2C2H + 5O2 ➡ 4CO2 + 2H2O is a

Combustion reaction

The energy it takes to remove an electron from an atom ____ as you move left to right across the period, from magnesium to chloride

Generally increases

Identify the period and group of the element that has the electron configuration [NE]3s²3p³

Period 3, group 5A

Unequal sharing of electrons between two bonded atoms always indicates

A polar covalent bond

Which elements on the periodic table are most likely to form two or more ions with different charge?

Transitional metals

Which of the following molecules have a covalent bonding ?

CH4

Which element has the largest number of unpaired electrons

N

What is the Maximum mass in grams of NH3 that can be produce by the reaction of 1.0g of N3 with 3.0g of H2 via the equation below

N2 + H2 ➡ NH3

1.2

The combustion of ammonia in the presence of excess oxygen yields NO2 and H2O

4NH3 + 7 O2 ➡ 4 NO2 + 6 H2O

The combustion of 43.9g of ammonia produces ____g of NO2

119

The reaction of Mg + 2HCL ➡ H2 + MgCl2 is a

Single displacement

What defines a mole?

The Number of atoms in 12 g of carbon 12

The correct Lewis Dot structure for SO2 is

O-S=O

Calculate the number of molecules in 4.0 mol H2O

2.4 × 10^ 24 molecules

Ionic bonds generally occur between ___.

A mental and a nonmetal

What type of ions are present in solution but are not actually involved in a chemical reaction?

Spectator

Which of the following molecules have an ionic bond?

NaI

Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the ____ between elements and compounds, reactant and products in a chemical reaction

Numerical relationship

Which of the following elements has the greatest atomic radius?

Al

Which of the following equations represents a decomposition reaction

HgO ➡ Hg + O2

Actual yield is affected by

All of the above

Copper (Cu) is a transition element used in the making of coins. Calculate the mass in grams of 0.0420 moles of copper

2.67 g

What is the mass of potassium chloride when 2.50g of potassium reacts with excess of chlorine gas?

4.77g

When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are

Al(No3)3 + Na2S ➡ Al2S3 + NaNO3

2, 3, 1, 6

When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are

NH3 + O2 ➡ NO2 + H2O

4, 7, 4, 6

The shape of a molecule that has three single covalent bonds and one lone pair in the central atom is ___.

Trigonal pyramidal

Which of the following situations will cause the element with the electron configuration 1s²2s² 2p^6 3s² to have an octet configuration

Loss of two electrons

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because

They have the same number of valence elections

The law of conservation of mass states that during a chemical reaction, total mass is ___

The same

The Lewis structure of methane, CH4, has

Four single bonds

The symbol ♾^+ is placed next to which of the following

The less electronegative atom in a polar covalent bond

What is the theoretical yield of the below equation if 8.0 mol As2 O3 is reacted with excess carbon

2As2O3 + 3C ➡ 3CO2 + 4As

16 mol As

How many moles of Calcium are in 425g calcium (Ca)?

10.6 mol

Which of the following compounds does not contain a polyatomic ion?

Sodium sulfide

In the formation of a covalent bond, electrons are ___.

Shared

The name for the N2O3 is

Dinitrogen trioxide

A non polar covalent bond is one in which ___.

Electrons are shared equally

Which of the following elements behaves similar to calcium?

Magnesium

The correct name for NH4C2H3O2 is

Ammonium acetate

When the difference in electronegativity between two atoms is large, the atom can bond by transferring electron. Which type of bonding occurs when this happens?

Ionic

In the reaction Zn + H2SO4 ➡ ZnSO4 + H2, what element did the displacing?

Zn

When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of AlCl3 is

Al2O3 + C + Cl2 ➡ AlCl3 + CO

2

Table salt crystals consist of a pattern of altering sodium ions and chloride ions. When salt is added to water the electrical conductivity of the water increases. Which explanation best describes this observation.

Salt separates into positive and negative ions in water

Which of the following compounds is an exception on the octet rule?

BH3

Which of the following bondings are listed in increasing order

Non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic

The overall charge of a formula unit for an ionic compound ___.

Is always zero

Methane (CH4) is a common hydrocarbon that is found when 1 carbon atoms bonds to 4 hydrogen atoms. Which diagram is the correct Lewis dot structure for methane?

H

|

H-C-H

|

H

In the chemical reaction described by the equation

4Fe + 3O2 ➡ 2Fe2O3

The mole ration of iron (III) oxide to iron is

1:2

Calcium carbide (CaC2) reacts with water to produce acetylene (C2H2):

CaC2 +2H2O ➡ Ca(OH)2 + C2H2

Production of 13g of C2H2 requires consumption of ____g of H2O

18

Which diagram best represents the group and period trends in atomic radii in the periodic table?

Generally decreases ➡

Generally increases ⬇

Which element typically bonds with other elements by receiving only 1 electron per atom?

Br

The formula weight of ammonia Sulfate is [(NH4)2 SO4] ____amu

132

For the reaction below, how many moles of N2 are required to produce 18 mol NH3

9

What is the balanced equation for the synthesis of sulfur dioxide

S8 +8O2 ➡ 8SO2

How many valence electrons does a chlorine atom have if its electron configuration is [Ne]3s²3p^5

7

In a chemical equation, the symbol (aq) indicates that the substance is

Dissolved in water

If a chemist calculated the maximum amount of product that might be obtained in a chemical reaction, he or she is calculating the

Theoretical yield

The reaction PB(NO3)2 + KI ➡ PbI2 + KNO3 is a

Double displacement reaction

When the electronegativities of two bonded atoms differ greatly, the bond is __.

Polar covalent

Four electrons are shared in a ___.

Double covalent bond

Because ammonia, NH3, had an unshared pair of electrons, its molecular shape is

Trigonal pyramidal

When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are C2H6 + O2 ➡ CO2 + H2O

4, 7, 4, 6

The total number of the valence electrons in a nitrate ion, NO3-

24

Carbon (C) and hydrogen have electronegativites that are similar. Which type of bonding occurs between atoms in methane (CH4)

Covalent

The shape of a molecule whose central atom has four pairs of bonding electrons is ___.

Tetrahedral

What type of reaction is represented by this general equation?

F2 + MgCl2 ➡ Cl2 + MgF2

Single displacement

Which of the following is a correct Lewis Dot Structure

Cl

|

Cl-C-Cl

|

Cl

The unbalanced chemical equation for the reaction is which carbon monoxide burns in oxygen to form carbon dioxide is

CO + O2 ➡ CO2

Which of the following are decomposition reactions?

1. MgO → Mg + O2

2. CH4 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

3. PbO + СО2 → РbCO3

4. CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

1 & 4

2Na + ? H2O ➡ 2NaOH + H2

Which coefficient for H2O will balance the equation above?

2

What type of reaction is represented by this general equation?

A + BC ➡ AC + B

Single displacement

Predict the product in the combination reaction below

Al + O2 ➡ _____

Al2O3

Which of the following situations will cause the element with the electron configuration 1s²2s²2p^5 to have octet configuration?

Gain of one electron

The actual yield of a product is ____.

Measured experimentally

The correct formula for ammonium phosphate is

(NH4)3 PO4

Salts are examples of

Ionic compounds

In a chemical reaction, the reactant remaining after all of the limiting reactant is completely used up is referred to as the

Excess reactant

The VSEPR model is based on the idea that __.

shared and unshared electron pairs repel each other as much as possible.

Predict the product in the combination reaction below

Al + N2 ➡ ___.

AlN

Which of the following is the correct formula for iron (III) sulfate

Fe2(SO4)3

Limiting a reactant is often accomplished by ___.

Using an excess of another reactant

The number of unpaired electrons in H2O is

4

Which of the following is an incorrect Lewis dot structure?

H-N-H

-