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20 Terms

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Maritime Trade Network

A system of maritime transportation that became crucial for global communication in the tenth century, overshadowing traditional land-based transport due to advances in navigation, cartography, and shipbuilding.

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Entrepôts

Meeting points for traders located on land or in ports where goods were exchanged and supplies replenished.

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Chola Dynasty

A dynasty that ruled over parts of India, known for supporting the port of Quilon and facilitating maritime trade between China, the Red Sea, and the Mediterranean.

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Seljuk Turks

A Sunni group that invaded Baghdad in 1055, forcing the Shiite Buyid family to surrender and expanding their influence across the Islamic heartland.

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Islamic Mali Empire

An empire in sub-Saharan Africa from 1240 to 1645, known for flourishing commerce and extensive trade routes connecting to the Atlantic Ocean.

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Sufism

A spiritual and communal form of Islam focused on seeking closeness to God through ecstatic rituals, poetry, music, and dance.

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Carolingians

A dynasty in Western Europe that emerged in the eighth century, characterized by a mix of Germanic culture and Christian faith, nearly recreating the Roman Empire.

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Manorialism

The dominant power structure in Western Europe during the medieval period, centered around manors as the basic economic units.

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The Song Dynasty

A dynasty that unified China in 960, transforming it into an economic powerhouse and beginning the maritime trade route.

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Merchant Colonies

Trading settlements established along coastal regions, particularly influential in the spread of Islam to Indonesia.

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Silk Road

A series of trade routes that connected the East and West, facilitating the exchange of goods, culture, and ideas from 130 B.C. to the 1450s.

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Indian Ocean Trade

A trade network that linked East Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, and Southeast Asia, becoming increasingly important by the 7th century.

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Viking Trade Routes

Maritime and overland routes used by the Vikings from the late 8th to early 11th centuries, known for their reach into North America, Europe, and Asia.

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Trans-Saharan Trade

Trade routes across the Sahara Desert that connected sub-Saharan Africa to North Africa, essential for the exchange of gold, salt, and other goods.

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Hanseatic League

A commercial and defensive confederation of merchant guilds and market towns in Northwestern and Central Europe from the 12th to the 17th centuries.

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Tang Dynasty

A dynasty in China from 618 to 907 that is regarded as a high point in Chinese civilization, known for its cultural and economic prosperity.

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Aztec Trade System

A network of trade that contributed to the Aztec Empire's wealth, facilitating the exchange of goods like cocoa, textiles, and ceramics across Mesoamerica.

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Ming Dynasty

A major Chinese dynasty from 1368 to 1644 known for its trade expansion, cultural achievements, and maritime expeditions under Admiral Zheng He.

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Bantu Migration

The historical movement of Bantu-speaking peoples from West Africa to other regions of Africa, spreading languages, culture, and agricultural practices.

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Gunpowder Empires

Empires such as the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal that utilized gunpowder technology for military expansion and control throughout the early modern period.