Human Development, Human Occupation, and Medical Terminology Review

Flashcards covering human development domains and life stages, the definition of occupation in therapy, concepts of health and illness, and foundational medical terminology word parts and abbreviations.

What three major domains of growth are encompassed in human development?

Physical, cognitive, and psychosocial growth.

What changes and processes are included under physical development?

Changes and growth in the body and brain, senses, motor skills, and overall health.

What mental processes are involved in cognitive development?

Learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity.

What areas of growth are covered under psychosocial development?

Emotions, personality, and social relationships.

What are the three stages of prenatal development?

Germinal, embryonic, and fetal periods.

What are teratogens?

Environmental factors during pregnancy that can lead to birth defects.

How many unique stages do developmentalists typically break the human lifespan into?

Eight unique stages.

What age range constitutes early childhood, also known as the preschool years?

Roughly from around ages 2 to 5 or 6.

What age span defines middle childhood?

Ages 6 to 11.

Around what age does the human brain reach its adult size?

Around age seven.

What is puberty?

A period of dramatic physical change marked by an overall physical growth spurt and sexual maturation.

What is a major developmental task during adolescence?

Establishing one's own identity.

What age range did Jeffrey Arnett propose for the developmental stage known as emerging adulthood?

Ages 18 to 25 (or even 29).

What age range is referred to as middle adulthood?

The late thirties (or age 40) through the mid-60s.

What does the term sandwich generation refer to?

Middle-aged adults who are in the middle of taking care of their children while also taking care of their aging parents.

How is late adulthood divided into categories based on chronological age?

Young old (65-74 years old), old old (75-84 years old), and oldest old (85+ years old).

What three categories are used to describe the functional diversity of older adults beyond chronological age?

Optimal aging, normal aging, and impaired aging.

How is occupation defined in occupational therapy?

Meaningful activities that people need, want, or are expected to do in their daily lives.

How many total occupations were identified in the daily routine story of Maria?

14 occupations.

How does the World Health Organization (WHO, 1948/2020) define health?

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

How is illness defined in contrast to disease?

The subjective experience of feeling unwell, which may or may not correspond to the presence of a diagnosed disease.

What role does a word root play in medical terminology?

It contains the fundamental meaning and core part of the medical term.

Where are prefixes located in medical terms and what function do they serve?

They are located at the beginning of a medical term and alter its meaning.

What do prefixes in medical terminology commonly indicate?

Number, position, direction, time, and negation.

Where do you typically begin when defining a medical term?

With the meaning of the suffix.

What is the function of a combining vowel in medical terms, and what letter is most commonly used?

It helps pronunciation, and the letter 'o' is most often used.

What is the rule regarding placing a combining vowel between a prefix and a word root?

Do NOT place a combining vowel to connect a prefix and a word root.

What do the medical abbreviations OT, PT, and SLP stand for?

OT stands for Occupational Therapy, PT stands for Physical Therapy, and SLP stands for Speech and Language Therapy.

What do the medical abbreviations BP, HR, RR, and WBC stand for?

BP stands for Blood Pressure, HR stands for Heart Rate, RR stands for Respiratory Rate, and WBC stands for White Blood Cells.

What do the medical abbreviations MRI, MD, Dx, Tx, and Rx stand for?

MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MD stands for Medical Doctor, Dx stands for Diagnosis, Tx stands for Treatment, and Rx stands for Prescription.