Biology 1.1-1.4

biology

the study of life and living things

biotic

living things within an ecosystem

atom

smallest unit of an element composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons

molecules

union of two or more atoms

cell

structural and functional unit of all living things

tissue

a group of cells with a common structure and function

organ

composed of tissues functioning together for a specific task

organ system

several organs working together

organism

an individual

population

organisms of the same species in the same area

community

interacting populations in an area

ecosystem

a community plus physical enviroment

biosphere

regions of earth’s, crust, waters, and atmosphere inhabited by living things

living things require

materials and energy

metabolism

the sum of all chemical reactions

living things maintain

homestasis

homeostasis

a state of biological balance

homeostasis is controlled by

intricate feedback systems in the organism

negative feedback

a loop in which the response reduces the initial stimulus

the pancreas releasing insulin when blood sugar rises to have insulin cause body cells to take up glucose (sugar) thus decreasing blood glucose levels is an example of…

negative feedback

positive feedback

when an end product speeds up its own production

Platelets aggregating and releasing chemicals to attract more platelets at the site of a blood vessel damage in order to seal a wound with a clot is an example of…

positive feedback

living things respond to

their environment

behaviors

activities conducted as a response to the enviroment

livings things _____ and develop

reproduce

living things pass along their genetic information in the form of

genes

living things adapt and

evolve

living things have

order

taxonomy

an attempt to organize the wide variety of life

who came up with taxonomy

Carl Linnaeus

Dear King Phillip Came Over For Good Spaghetti

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

broadest category of taxonomy

Domain

most specific category of taxonomy

Species

Domains

Bacteria, Archea, Eukarya

Kingdoms under the Eukarya domain

protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

Scientific method

series of steps which a scientific investigation typically flows through

variables

things that change in an experiment

independent variable

what the investigator changes

dependent variable

what the investigator is measuring

control

a test group not exposed to experimental conditions

constants

conditions kept the same in all experimental groups