Anatomy and Physiology: Parts of the Body

Nasal

Frontal

Orbital

Oral

Buccal

Pubic

Mental

Cervical

Acromial

Sternal

Axillary

Pectoral

Mammary

Brachial

Carpal

Pollex

Palmar

Digital (phalanges)

Abdominal

Umbilical

Coxal

Inguinal

Femorial

Patellar

Crural

Fibular

Tarsal

Hallux

Digital (lower)

Pedal

Anterior/Ventral

Front

Occipital

Cephalic

Vertebral

Scapular

Dorsum

Manus

Sacral

Lumbar

Gluteal

Lower extremity

Femoral

Popliteal

Sural

Calcaneal

Plantar

Posterior/ Dorsal

Behind

Pelvic

Superior (cephalad, cranial)

Toward the head or upper region; above

Inferior (caudal)

Toward the tail or lower region; below

Proximal

In the proximity to the point of attachment

Distal

Distant from the point of attachment

Lateral

Toward the side

Intermediate

Between the side and middle

Medial

Toward the middle

Superficial

Toward the surface

Deep

More internal

Sagittal section

Divides the body into right and left portions

Midsagittal/median

50-50 split between right and left

Transverse section

Divides the body into superior and inferior portions. Often called a "cross section"

Coronal section

Divides the body into anterior and posterior sections

Anatomical Position: Feet

Together

Anatomical Position: Head

Forward

Anatomical Position: Palms

Forward

Anatomical Positions: Arms

By the side

Anatomy

The study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts

Physiology

The study of how the body and its parts work or function

Antecubital

Celiac

Costal

Deltoid

Otic

Thorax

Antebrachial

Ventral/anterior body cavity

Ventral cavity (A)

Pleural Cavity

Pericardial Cavity

What separates the Thoracic Cavity from the Abdominal Cavity

The Diaphragm

Mesentery

Anchors the small intestines to the back of the cavity wall

Cranial Cavity

Perietal Serosa

Outermost membrane

Visceral Serosa

Touches an organ system

Mediastinum

Serous Fluid

Provides friction less movement for organs and provides cushion on impact

Muscular system abilities

Locomotion, maintaining posture, produces body heat, allows for facial expression

Muscular system parts

Ligament, Tendon, Muscle group

Skeletal system abilities

Protects organs, supports organs, provides muscle attachment points, blood cell formation, stores minerals

Skeletal system parts

Bone, Cartliage, Joint

Tendon

Connects muscle to bone

Cartliage

Connects bone to bone

Integumentary System abilities

Forms external body covering, protects deeper tissue from injury, regulates body temperature, location of cutaneous nerves, sweat glands, oil glands, synthesizes vitamin D

Integumentary System parts

Hair, nails, skin

Nervous System abilities

Body control system, response to internal and external change, activates muscles and glands

Nervous System parts

Sensory receptors, brain, spinal cord, nerves

Endocrine System abilities

Secretes regularity hormones, growth, reproduction, metabolism

Endocrine System parts

Pineal gland, patuitary gland, thyoid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovary (female), testes (male)

Reproductive system (male) parts

Seminal vesicles, prostrate, vas deferens, sperm, scrotum, penis

Reproductive system (male) abilities

Production of offspring, production of gametes, production of hormones

Reproductive system (female) parts

Mammary glands (in breasts), uterine tubes, ovary, uterus, vagina