AP Hug. Unit 4 Flashcards

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33 Terms

1

State

A politically organized body of people under a single government

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2

Boundary

Invisible line that marks the extent of a state's territory

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3

Physical boundary

A political boundary that follows a feature of the natural environment

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4

Compact state

A state that posses a roughly circular shape from which the geometric center is relatively equal in all directions.

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5

Federal state

An internal organization of a state that allocates most powers to units of local government.

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6

Self-determination

Concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves

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7

Balkanization

To divide into small, quarrelsome states

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8

Centripetal force

An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state

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9

Centrifugal force

Forces that tend to divide a country

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10

Nation-state

A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicitity that has been transformed into a nationality

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11

Micro-state

A state or territory that is small in both size and population

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12

Fragmented state

A state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory

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13

Unitary state

An internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials

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14

Colonialism

The control or governing influence of a nation over a dependent country, territory, or people

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15

Devolution

The handing down of power to regions and localities

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16

Cultural boundary

A political boundary that follows some cultural border

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17

City-state

A city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside

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18

Prorupted state

A state with a narrow elongated land extension leading away from the main territory

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19

Imperialism

Any instance of aggressive extension of authority

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20

Territoriality

An aspect of human behavior that refers to the need to lay claim to the spaces we occupy and the things we own (need for self-identity and freedom of choice)

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21

Nation

A large group of people organized under a single government

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22

Geometric boundary

Straight lines that serve as political boundaries that aren't related to physical/cultural differences

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23

Elongated state

A state whose territory is long and narrow in shape

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24

Landlocked

State with no direct access to an ocean or other body of water

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25

Sovereign state

Independent and free from all external control

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26

Gerrymandering

To divide into voting districts so as to give unfair advantage to one party in elections

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27

Ethnonationalism

The identification and loyalty a person may feel for his or her nation

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28

European Union

An international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members

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29

United Nations

Organization formed after WWII to help nations live together in peace

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30

NATO

an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries

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31

NAFTA

A trade agreement between Canada, the United States and Mexico that encourages free trade between these North American countries

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32

OPEC

an organization of countries formed in 1961 to agree on a common policy for the production and sale of petroleum

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33

Terrorism

The use of violence by groups against civilians to achieve a political goal

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