oddysey books 1-12

achaians, argives, danaans

greeks

epithet

repeated adjective

why was helios angry

odysseus’ men ate sacred cattle

why was poseidon mad at oddyseus

he blinded cyclops (poseidon’s son)

pulutropon

lots of change

noston

homecoming

algea

pain

noston+algea

nostalgia

telemechus

oddyseus’ son

who is working in favor of odysseus

athena

in medias res

in the middle of things

why is poseidon absent form the council

ethiopians are giving him hecatomb

hecatomb

100 bulls or lambs sacrificed

kalypso

consealer

agamemnon

killed his daughter, killed by wife’s lover in the bathtub

aigisthos

killed agamemnon, he is agamemnon’s wife’s lover

orestes

killed aigisthos, son of agamemnon

house of atreus

agamemnon/aigisthos/orestes

where is odysseus in the beginning

Odysseus is held captive on the island of Ogygia by the nymph Calypso

who does athena advise telemachus to visit

nestor at pylos and menelaus at sparta

xenia

hospitality

what did the assembly of men of ithaka discuss

odysseus, penelope’s suitors

penelope

wife of odysseus

rhododactylos eos

rosy-fingered dawn

antinoos

chief suitor of penelope

eurykleia

family nurse

eurymachos

another lead suitor

omen of zeus’ eagles

prophecy of odysseus’ return

libations

liquid offerings

whats happening as telemachus arrives at pylos

a sacrifice to poseidon

peisistratos

nestor’s son, joins telemachus to sparta on chariot

menelaus

husband of Helen, took 8 years to return from the war

what is happening when telemachus arrives in sparta

a double wedding

what does menelaus tell telemachus

to return to egypt, see proteus, make a sacrifice to zeus, then return home

proteus

old man of the sea, can change shapes

how is odysseus freed from kalypso

hermes flies to Ogygia and dines with kalypso

ambrosia

food of the gods

nectar

dink of the gods

epic simile

long comparison between people or things that begins with like or as

Ino

Nymph who rescues odysseus from shipwreck and gives him a magic cloak after poseidon sends a sea storm, he then rests ont he island of Scher

where do phaecians live

scheria

king of scheria

alkinoos

nausikaa

alkinoos daugher

what does alkinoos do to odysseus

offers nausikaa in marriage and give his men a safe passage home

arete

wife of alkinoos

demodokos

blind singer, brings odysseus to tears with his songs

what happens at the games at scheria

odysseus out throws everyone in duscus

who does odysseus tell his stories to

the Phaiakians

attack on the kikones

Odysseus and his men raid the Kikones, losing many men in a subsequent counterattack.

Lotos flowers

The enchanting flowers that cause Odysseus's men to forget their homes and desire to stay on the island of the Lotus Eaters.

kyklops

A one-eyed giant who captures Odysseus and his men, but is ultimately outsmarted by Odysseus.

Aiolos

gave the right winds to go home, his men opened the sack and it blew them back

laistrygonians

man-eating monsters, giants who throw boulders, kills many of the men

Aiaia

island of Circe, who turns odysseus men into swine, hermes gives them moly to reverse the effects, circe seduces odysseus, then turns men back to men

the underworld

odysseus visits hades to learn his fate and next steps

teiresias

blind but can see future, tells him to not eat the cattle

antikleia

odysseus mother, first ghost he can see, tries to hug her 3 times

greek heroes

former queens that readers at the time of the story would know

tantalos

man who was tortured in the underworld

sisyppnus

king who became corim, killed guests, condemned forever to push a bulder up a mountainthe rock always rolls back down, forcing him to start over

elpenor

odysseus’ comrade who broke his nek, gets a burial moundafter falling from Circe's roof.

sirens

singing destroys mens’ ships

what did they do when going by the sirens

put beeswax in mens ears so they can’t hear singing, odysseus is tied to the mast

skylla

6 headed monster

charybdis

sucks down shipes

thrinakia

island of helios the sun god

how many men are left after eating the cattle

just odysseus

urilicris

guy who didn’t take circe’s drugs but he told everyone it ws okay to eat the cattle

invocation

a formal plea for inspiration or guidance, often found at the beginning of epic poems.

how many suitors does penelope have

108