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Which is NOT considered a strategy to increase rigor of qualitative studies?
Participant reimbursement
3 multiple choice options
Making new information available to stakeholders and the scientific community is an important step in research. Generally this step is referred to as...
Dissemination
1 multiple choice option
Which is NOT true of the null hypothesis?
Rejection typically indicates strong possibility of insignificant results
3 multiple choice options
The test to analyze the difference between two variables for the same subject can be described as...
paired t-test
1 multiple choice option
What is not considered a parametric test?
Kruskal Wallis test
3 multiple choice options
Likert scale would typically be considered ______ while # of participants would be considered ________ data
Ordinal; Discrete
3 multiple choice options
A false positive best describes...
A type I error
3 multiple choice options
Mean, Median, and Mode are considered measures of...
Central Tendency
3 multiple choice options
Which is not considered a qualitative research approach?
Descriptive
3 multiple choice options
Identifying meaning, patterns, and connections among data, most likely represents what type of research approach?
Phenomenological
3 multiple choice options
The term describing a researcher's level on confidence that his/her findings truthfully reflect the reality of a study's participants and the study's content is...
Credibility
3 multiple choice options
How well other researchers can fit a study's findings into similar contexts or the "goodness of fit" between the contexts of two studies is called...
Transferability
3 multiple choice options
The trustworthiness category that describes the inclusions of the full range of data, including outlier or atypical findings is called...
Dependability
3 multiple choice options
The degree to which a study's conclusions are based on the data is called...
Confirmability
3 multiple choice options
_______ refers to the use of two or more strategies to collect and/or interpret or analyze information
Triangulation
3 multiple choice options
As a way to improve trustworthiness, self-examination and looking back at what is being learned is called...
Reflexivity
3 multiple choice options
Member checks include...
Asking study stakeholders about emerging interpretations
3 multiple choice options
A RCT compared Treatment (X) to exercise placebo and wait list control groups for improving ROM following a stroke. A Likert scale questionnaire was used to measure changes in each group. What type of data would this type of questionnaire produce?
Ordinal
3 multiple choice options
What kind of data/data analysis tools are used with a likert questionnaire?
Non-parametric
3 multiple choice options
A RCT compared Treatment (X) to exercise placebo and wait list control groups for improving ROM following a stroke. Active ROM (measured in degrees) was used to measure changes in each group. What type of data was collected in ROM measurements?
Interval/ratio
3 multiple choice options
What kind of data/data analysis tools are used with ROM type of data?
Parametric
3 multiple choice options
A RCT compared Treatment (X) to exercise placebo and wait list control groups for improving ROM following a stroke. What kind of data analysis tools would be used to compare progress made between the experimental group participants?
Within group variance
3 multiple choice options
A RCT compared Treatment (X) to exercise placebo and wait list control groups for improving ROM following a stroke. The 3 groups were compared on their ROM at 4 time periods (with no covariates included). What analysis tool should be used?
One-way ANOVA
3 multiple choice options
Suppose that the researchers conducted a follow-up study in which they sought to determine how well shoulder muscle strength could predict a client's AROM following a stroke. What type of data analysis would researchers need to run?
Linear regression - Linear regression analysis is used to predict the value of a variable based on the value of another variable.
3 multiple choice options
True or false: parametric tests assume a normal distribution while non-parametric tests do not
True
1 multiple choice option
A research study presents statistics in an organized summary and does not use the statistics to make inferences about the population. What kind of statistics is this?
Descriptive
3 multiple choice options
A researcher uses the chi square test. What is the nonparametric equivalent of the Chi square?
Fisher exact test
3 multiple choice options
If the p value is < 0.05, do you accept or reject the null hypothesis?
Regression - Correlation determines the strength of the relationship between two variables; regression allows the prediction of one variable from another.
3 multiple choice options
What is used to test hypotheses (make inferences) about an entire population based on findings from a single sample?
Inferential statistics
3 multiple choice options
____ is determined by a finding from a statistical test meeting the probability cutoff of p< .05 or p< .01.
Statistical significance
3 multiple choice options
If I want to test data linked to the same individual (ex. height and weight or pre- and postintervention measurements), what t-test am I likely to use?
Paired
3 multiple choice options
A ____ is a covariance analysis, or tests of your confounding variables.
ANCOVA
3 multiple choice options
True or false: true experimental designs require random assignment.
True
1 multiple choice option
A study that is observational and longitudinal and compares an exposed group over time to an unexposed group over time (ex. women taking oral contraceptives vs. women not taking oral contraceptives), is what kind of study?
Cohort
3 multiple choice options
What is the first step of a data collection plan?
Select instruments and procedures for data collection
3 multiple choice options
Which of these would NOT help a researcher maintain ethics and confidentiality?
Not informing the IRB of changes
3 multiple choice options
