Chem acid bases

acid

a proton (H+) donor

base

a proton (H+) acceptor

pH

a measure of acidity; pH=-log(H+)

hydronium ion

formed when water bonds to a proton donated form an acid; H3O+

amphoteric

able to act as both an acid and a base

polyprotic

an acid that can donate multiple protons

ionization constant

the equilibrium constant for the ionization of a weak electrolyte

buffer solution

a solution that resists changes in pH, contains a weak acid and its conjugate base

henderson hasselbalch equation

used to calculate the pH of a buffer solution

dissociation

the separation of ions that occurs when an ionic compound dissolves

neutralization reaction

a reaction between an acid and a base

buffering capacity

the amount of acid or base the buffer can neutralize before the pH begins to change appreciably

hydrolysis

the reaction of a substance with water

common ion effect

suppression of ionization of a weak electrolyte by the presence of a common ion from a strong electrolyte

end point

the point in a titration where the indicator changes color

equivalence point

the point in a titration where the moles of titrant is equal to the moles of unknown solution