Domain 1- body functions and structures

Cranial nerve XII: Hypoglossal nerve

Cranial nerve associated with motor movement of the tongue

Cranial nerve XI: Spinal Accessory Nerve

cranial nerve associated with innervates sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles for motor movements of the shoulder and neck

Cranial nerve IX: Glossopharyngeal nerve and Cranial nerve X: Vagus

cranial nerves that are tested together and are associated with gag reflex, regulation of blood pressure, sense of taste for posterior one-third of tongue, innervates pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles, and parasympathetic innervation of chest and adomen

Cranial nerve VIII: Vestibulocochlear nerve

Cranial nerve associated with hearing, balance, and postural control

Cranial nerve VII: facial nerve

cranial nerve associated with facial expression and sense of taste for anterior two-thirds of tongue

Cranial nerve VI: Abducens nerve

cranial nerve associated with abduction of the eye and accommodation for far vision

Cranial nerve V: Trigeminal nerve

cranial nerve associated with innervating muscles associated with chewing, biting, and rotary movements of the jaw and sensory branch innervates skin, mucous membranes, and sinuses of the face

Cranial nerve IV: Trochlear nerve

cranial nerve that innervates the muscles of the eye for depression and abduction of the eye

Frontal lobe

Major functions of this love of the cerebral cortex include: emotional control, impulse control, motor function, short-term memory, invitation, executive function (including organization, planning, problem-solving), and social and sexual behavior

Temporal Lobe

major functions of this lobe of the cerebral cortex include: long-term memory, receptive language (left temporal lobe), and processing of sensory information (auditory and visual)

Parietal lobe

major functions of this lobe of the cerebral cortex include: integration of sensory information, knowledge of numbers and their relations, manipulation of objects, visuospatial processing (right) and praxis (left)

Occipital lobe

major functions of this lobe of the cerebral cortex include: visual reception and color recognization

Cranial nerve III: Oculomotor nerve

cranial nerve that innervates muscles of the eye for eyelid elevation (prevents ptosis), elevation, depression, and adduction of the eye, and constriction of the pupil

Cranial nerve II: Optic nerve

cranial nerve that relays visual information, including visual field and acuity

Cranial nerve I : olfactory nerve

cranial nerve that relays sense of smell

Neurologic deficits associated with right hemisphere dysfunction

left hemiparesis or hemiplegia, sensory impairment on left side of body, unilateral body and spatial neglect, motor apraxia on left side, visual field cut on left side, visuospatial problems, attention deficits, and decreased insight into deficits. * deficits depends on the specific area of the right hemisphere that is damaged.

Neurologic deficits associated with left hemisphere dysfunction

right hemiparesis or hemiplegia, sensory impairments on right side of body, language impairment (expressive and/or receptive aphasia), bilateral motor apraxia, and frustration. * deficits depends on the specific area of the left hemisphere that is damaged.

Sherical grasp

grasp used to pick up and hold round items (apple)

tip pinch

pinch used to pick up and hold small objects with thumb opposed to the end of the index finger forming an oval shape (picking up a pin)

tripod grasp

precision grasp used to manipulate small objects with thumb opposed to the index and middle fingers, providing more stability than pincer grasp (writing tool)

grasp pattern

fine motor function of the hand, either precision or power, used to manipulate items. patterns include: cylindrical grasp, power grasp, tripod grasp

power grasp

grasp used when stability and strength are required, involves: ulnar digits flexed and ulnar side of hand controlling the object and radial digits less flexed while manipulating the object

hook grasp

type of prehension grasp used to carry an item with a handle (lunchbox, briefcase) without using thumb and palm

cylindrical grasp

grasp used for holding a tube-shaped item (drinking glass, baseball bat)

lateral pinch

prehensile pattern used to grasp a small item with the thumb opposed to the radial side of the index finger (placing a key in a lock)

protective sensation

ability to accurately perceive sensory input necessary to prevent personal injury or harm (pain and temperature)

mean arterial pressure

measured via centralized monitoring to determine average arterial pressure during a cardiac cycle. normal range = 70-100 mmHg

basic vital sign: respiratory rate

normal range = 12-120 breaths per minute

basic vital sign: oxygen saturation

arterial blood gas measured using a pulse oximeter

normal range = 95-100%

basic vital sign: blood pressure

normal systolic range = 90-120 mmHg

normal diastolic range = 60-80 mmHg

abnormal: hypotension (lower than normal range) = systolic pressure less than 90 mmHg; pretension = 120-140 mmHg systolic, 80-889 mmHg diastolic; hypertension: Stage 1 (greater than normal range) = 140-159 mmHg systolic, 90-99 mmHg diastolic; hypertension Stage 2 = > 160 mmHg systolic, >100 mmHg diastolic

basic vital sign: heart rate

normal range = 60-100 beats per minute

abnormal: bradycardia (slower than normal) = less than 60 beats per minute

tachycardia (faster than normal) = greater than 100 beats per minute

tenodesis grasp

kinsesiological effect that will cause the fingers to flex when the wrist is moved from neutral to extension, and the fingers to extend when the wrist is move from a neutral position to flexion.

used as a functional advantage for clients with: spinal cord injury at the C6-C7 level and radial nerve palsy

in-hand manipulation

skill requiring control of the palmar arches of the hand to grasp and control objects. five patterns include: finger-to-palm translation, palm-to-finger translation, shift, simple rotation, complex rotation

muscle tone

amount of tension in a muscle while at rest

motor control

ability to execute movement in a controlled and purposeful manner

intracranial pressure (ICP)

measured via internal probe to determine pressure inside the skull

normal range is below 20 mmHg. therapeutic parameters are client-specific and are directed by the physician and care team.

nociception

the process by which the sensory nervous system encodes noxious stimuli; does not include the emotional or subjective experience of the stimuli

Laboratory values

information related to a pt’s health status that is derived from bloodwork and urine analysis. ex: blood counts, urine analysis, arterial blood gases, coagulation panels, basic metabolic panel