1/24
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
What is blood?
Blood is **tissue** consisting of plasma, in which the red cells, white blood cells and platelets are suspended.
What are the 3 different types of blood vessel?
Label x (the top) and y (the bottom)
x= trachea
y= bronchi
How is the alveolus adapted for diffusion?
many alveoli provides a larger surface area to volume ratio- maximizing oxygen absorption
Moist surface- allows oxygen to readily dissolve
capillaries are thin (one cell thick)- minimizes diffusion distance/short diffusion pathway
large capillary network (provides good blood supply)- for efficient gas exchange with red blood cells/ to maintain a concentration gradient/ to remove oxygenated blood and bring carbon dioxide to lungs quickly
Which one is the artery? and what is its function?
x
The wall of arteries is very thick compared to the size of the hole (lumen). Their walls are thicker than walls of veins to withstand high blood pressure.
Arteries transport blood away from the heart. (usually at a high pressure)
Which one is the vein? and what is its function?
**Z** They have a large lumen and doesn’t need thick walls because the blood is at low pressure. \ Veins transport blood to the heart (usually at a low pressure)
Which one is the capillary? and what is its function?
Y
Capillaries are very small with walls that are usually only one cell thick.
Capillaries have thin walls which allows substances to leave the blood to reach the body’s tissue.
How is blood prevented from flowing backwards in the vein?
Veins contains valves
which can close/shut
which prevents the black-flow of blood
Which ventricle is thicker and why?
The left ventricle is thicker because it has to transport blood to the whole body
Name the organs and journey of the blood around the whole body
Body tissues ➔ vena cava ➔ right atrium ➔ right ventricle ➔ pulmonary artery ➔ lungs ➔ pulmonary vein ➔ left atrium ➔ left ventricle ➔ aorta ➔ body tissues
What is the function of coronary arteries?
They provide the heart/cardiac muscle with oxygenated blood
How are red cells adapted for their function
-gives a large surface area
-allows the cell to bend/squeeze against the capillary walls
Name the part of the blood that carries out clotting and its function.
Platelets
How does white blood cells defend againts infection
Some engulf pathogens by phagocytosis.
some produce antibodies to fight pathogens
some produce antitoxins to neutrilise any toxin produced by the pathogen
How is the human circulatory system adapted to carry out its function of supplying oxygen to the body and removing waste products?
what are the processes in the heart which allows it carry out its function of supplying oxygen to the body and removing waste products?
* The heart pumps blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery so that oxygen can diffuse into the blood from the air in the alveoli
* blood returns to the heart via pulmonary vein where muscles pump blood to the body via aorta
* arteries carry oxygenated blood to tissues where capillaries deliver oxygen to cells for respiration and energy release.
What happens in capillaries
What is the aorta and its function.
The main artery that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.
The heart pumps out oxygenated blood to the body through the aorta.
The role of vena cava
The heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body through a vein called the vena cava.
The role of Pulmonary artery
it carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
The blood becomes oxygenated in the lungs.
The role of pulmonary vein
Oxygeneted blood from the lungs to the heart
The role of coronary arteries
Why are artificial pace makes used?
What is the function of pace makers
The natural resting heart rate is controlled by a group of cells in the right ventricle called the pace makers.
Lable the heart and the pathway of blood flow (oxygenated and deoxygenated)