physical assessment praticum flash cards

CN III

Oculomotor nerve responsible for eye movement, eyelid raising, and pupil constriction.

CN IV

Trochlear nerve that moves the eye down and in.

CN VI

Abducens nerve that moves the eye outward.

PERRLA

Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light and Accommodation.

Accommodation

The ability of the eye to focus on near and distant objects.

Six Cardinal Fields

Visual test to assess cranial nerves III, IV, and VI by moving the eyes in an 'H' pattern.

Ptosis

Drooping of the eyelid.

Nystagmus

Involuntary eye movement that can indicate a neurological problem.

Strabismus

Misalignment of the eyes, often referred to as 'lazy eye'.

CN VII

Facial nerve responsible for facial muscle control.

CN VIII

Vestibulocochlear nerve that is responsible for hearing.

CN IX

Glossopharyngeal nerve, involved in swallowing and gag reflex.

CN X

Vagus nerve, controls functions of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract.

CN XI

Accessory nerve, responsible for shoulder strength and head movement.

Biceps Reflex

A reflex assessed by striking the biceps tendon to elicit flexion.

Patellar Reflex

A knee-jerk reflex evaluated by tapping the patellar tendon.

CVA Tenderness

Costovertebral angle tenderness indicating kidney issues.

Tympany

A sound produced during percussion of the abdomen indicating air presence.

McBurney's Point

Pain at this point suggests appendicitis.

Rovsing's Sign

Pain in the right lower quadrant when palpating the left lower quadrant.

Weber Test

Hearing test using a tuning fork placed on the midline of the skull.

Rinne Test

Test for hearing using a tuning fork comparing air conduction to bone conduction.

Corneal Light Reflex

Test for eye alignment using a light source.

Lymph Nodes

Small structures that filter lymph and are key in the immune response.

Jaw Movement

Function checked during TMJ examination by asking the patient to open and close their mouth.

Sinus Tenderness

Checking for pain during palpation of the frontal and maxillary sinuses.

Audio Acuity

Assessment of hearing ability, often checked using the whisper test.

Capillary Refill

Time taken for color to return to an external capillary bed after pressing.

Palpation

Using hands to examine the patient's body for tenderness, heat, and rigidity.

Auscultation

Listening to the internal sounds of the body using a stethoscope.

Percussion

Tapping the body to determine the underlying structure based on sound.

Inspection

Assessing the patient visually for signs of illness.

Gait Assessment

Observation of a patient's walking pattern to check for balance and stability.

Balance Test

Assessing a patient's ability to maintain a stable position.

Bowel Sounds

Sounds made by the digestive system that can indicate normal or abnormal activity.