6. Water and Sanitation

Define Water borne + exmaple?

Contaminated water - cholera

What is water washing + example?

Inadequate water for hygiene – trachoma  

What is water based + example?

Live or bread in water – malaria

What are some water related insect vectors + the disease they carry? Name 2

Mosquitos (malaria) Blackflies (river blindness) Tsetse Flies (sleeping sickness)

What is the Life cycle of cholera?

1 Bacteria in contaminated water/food

2 Ingested by humans

3 Multiply in small intestine

4 Cause severe diarrhea

5 Released back into environment via feces

What is the life cycle of giardia?

1 Cysts in contaminated water swallowed

2 Cysts hatch into trophozoites in intestines

3 Trophozoites multiply and cause illness

4 Some form cysts and are shed in feces

Life cycle of naegleria fowleri?

1 Amoeba lives in warm freshwater

2 Enters human nose during water activities

3 Travels to brain via olfactory nerve

4 Causes fatal brain infection

What is cholera?

A severe diarrheal disease spread through contaminated water.

How could improving water quality affect disease incidence?

Improving water quality removes harmful pathogens and reduces breeding grounds for disease vectors, lowering infections

How could improving water quality increase quality of life in some areas of the world?

Fewer diseases

Better health

More food from farming and fishing

Safer water to drink

How to improve water sanitation? Name 2 treatment examples

Using filters

Treating water with chlorine or UV light

Protecting water sources from pollution

Teaching good hygiene practices