Music GSCE

Rock and Roll famous artists

Elvis Presley

The Beatles

Buddy Holly

The Beach Boys

Rock & roll instrumentation

Electric guitar

Acoustic guitar

Double Bass

Bass guitar

Piano

Drum kit

Vocals

Structure

12 Bar Blues

Primary Chords (I, IV, V)

What were lyrics about in Rock & Roll?

Love

Heartbreak

Social injustice

Discrimination/ racism

Rock and Roll Vocals

Agressive

Shouty

Rock and Roll instrumentation

Double bass

Piano

Drum kit

Electric acoustic

Saxophones

Rock and Roll rhythm+tempo

Swung 4/4

Walking bass

Name 3 artists and 3 rock anthems

Killer Queen - Queen

Livin’ on a Prayer- Bon Jovi

Stairway to Heaven- Led Zeppelin

Sweet Child O Mine- Guns ‘n’ Roses

Topics of Rock Anthems

DARKER MOOD THAN STANDARD POP LYRICS

Unity

Politics

Heartbreak

Social Injustice

Rock Anthems instrumentation

Synth/ keyboard

Bass guitar

Vocals

Electric guitar

Drum kit

How was technology used in rock anthems?

Delay

Feedback

Overdrive

Features of rock anthems

Long improvised solos

Virtuosic

Distortion

Riffs

What is a Pop Ballad?

Sentimental, emotional song

Pop ballad instrumentation

Vocals

Electric guitar

Synth

Piano

Drum kit

How is technology is used in Pop ballads?

Delay

Reverb on vocals

Reverb to add depth and emotional effect

When was the Baroque Period?

1600-1750

What is a Concerto Grosso?

A Concerto Grosso is a musical composition for a small group of solo instruments accompanied by an orchestra, typically from the Baroque period.

What does a concerto grosso consist of?

Concertino ripieno

Features of baroque

Ornamentation

Terraced dynamics

Basso continuo

Varying textures

Complex melodies based on sequence

Basso continuo?

Question and answer (NOT call and response)

Figured bass

Harpsichord and cello

What is the structure in samba?

NO SET STRUCTURE- led by repinique player (master drummer)

NO SHEET MUSIC

Sections preceded by whistle

Repinique

Master drummer

Surdo

Large drum played with soft beater, muted with hand, provides pulse

3 surdo (LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH)

Caixa

Snare drum

Agogô

Metallic bell, 2 different pitches

Ganzá

Shaker

Bateria

A samba band

Samba batucada

Best known samba style

What is the RHYTHM in samba?

Polyrhythmic

2/4 or 4/4

Where is calypso from?

Trinidad and Tobago

What is the STRUCTURE of calypso?

Verse, chorus structure

What are the INSTRUMENTS in calypso?

Bongo, conga, shakers, guitar

STEEL PAN DRUMS

tremolo

Rolling effect created by beaters on steel pan drums

Different types of steel pan drum?

Highest pan play melody- tenors, ‘ping pings’

Alto plays chords

What are the lyrics about in calypso?

Witty lyrics addressing political and cultural problems

Baroque composers

Vivaldi

Bach

Handel

Bhangra instrumentation

Synthesisers

Vocals

Guitars

Drum machines

Dhol

Dhol

Double headed drum with 2 different pitches, played with stick

Tumbi

A singles stringed instrument often used to play repeated riffs

Features of the voice in Bhangra

Microtonal slidings

Sung in Punjabi

What is the TEXTURE in Bhangra?

Melody and accompaniment

Interplay between lead vocalist and backing singers

What is the TONALITY in Bhangra?

Simple diatonic chords

What is the STRUCTURE in Bhangra?

Verse chorus, instrumental

How is technology used in Bhangra?

Sampling

Drum loops

Electronic dance beats

Classical features

1750-1810

Melody and accompaniment

Balanced phrasing

Simple diatonic harmony

Modulations

Reinforcement of tonic key

Classical composers

Mozart

Beethoven

How is Indian music learnt

Aural tradition

Rag

A series of melodies outlines based on the same set of notes of a scale

Tal

Indian rhythm patterns and how emphasis within groups of beats is placesz

Texture elements

Raga

Tala

Drone

Features of melody (Indian music)

Improvisation

Pitch bends

Melisma

Glissandos

Portamentos

Drone

A sustained sound in the background of music

Portamento

A vocal slide

Melisma

Several notes sung to one syllable

Indian Classical instruments

Sitar

Tanpura

Sarod

Sarangi

Bansuri

Harmonium

Tabla

Dhol

Sitar

Long-necked pluckers string instrument

Plays melodies and can also provide harmony

Tanpura

Plays drone

Stringed instrument (4/5 strings)

Sarod

Up to 25 strings, 6 melodic playing strings, others are sympathetic stings

No frets

Sarangi

A bowed string instrument

3 playing strings, 40 sympathetic strings

Bansuri

A bamboo flute

Warm, rich timbre

Harmonium

A small organ played by bellows

Tabla

A pair of drums

Needed for rag

Sections of Indian classical

Alap

Gat

Jhala

Alap

Opening section

Improvisation

No pulse (no tala)

Gat

Tabla enters

Pulse introduced

Improv

Jhala

Fast

Increase in intensity

Virtuosic

Suitable Indian Classial composer

Ravi Shankar

Tintal

16 beats (16/4)

Djembe

Single-headed drum played with hands

Dundun (dunun)

Larger double-headed drum played with a stick; bell like instrument mounted in drum

Talking drum

Played with a hooked stick and contains string that can be tightened and loosened to change pitch

African drumming instrumentation

Djembe

Dundun

Agogo

Talking Drum