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In anatomical position, forearm is rotated or
Supinated
When palms face posteriorly, (not anatomical position) forearm is
pronated
In anatomical position are right/left from viewer or subject's perspective?
Subject's perspective
What are the three anatomical planes
Transverse, sagittal, and frontal (coronal)
What makes up the Dorsal Cavity (posterior)
Cranial cavity, vertebral cavity
What membrane lines the dorsal cavity ?
Meninges
What makes up the ventral/anterior cavity?
Abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity, thoracic cavity
What membrane lines the ventral cavity?
Serous Membranes
What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
The diaphragm
What thick wall divides the thoracic cavity in half?
The Mediastinum
What membrane is the heart enfolded in?
Pericardium
What is the inner layer of the membrane on the surface of the heart?
Visceral Pericardium
What is the outer layer of the membrane that lines the inside of the pericardial cavity?
Parietal Pericardium
The ____cavity surrounds the heart and its inner layer is called ____ ____ and outer layer is called ____ ____
Pericardial; visceral pericardium ; perietal pericardium
In what cavity are the lungs located?
The thoracic cavity
Name the serous membrane that surrounds the lungs
Pleura
What are the inner and outer layers of the membrane around the lungs?
Visceral pleura ; Parietal Pleura
The narrow space in between the parietal and visceral pleura is called what?
Pleural cavity
Name the two layered serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity
Visceral (inner) and Parietal (outer) Peritoneum
What does the visceral serous membrane line? What does the parietal serous membrane line?
Visceral lines the organ, parietal lines the body cavity (space)
Organs of abdominal cavity are retroperitoneal if they are in what position ?
Not fully covered by peritoneum (only on side facing peritoneal cavity)
The intestines are suspended from abdominal wall by what translucent membrane?
Mesentary
What fatty membrane hangs like an apron from the inferolateral margin of the stomach and overlies the intestines? (an example of mesentary)
Greater omentum
When a visceral peritoneum membrane divides to surround organs, the outer layer of the organ is called ?
The Serosa
The Visceral peritoneum is made of what two elements?
The serosa and mesentaries
The internal cavity of a uterus where membranes are pressed together normally but may be pushed apart to fit a fetus is an example of what?
Potential Space
What organ system eliminates wastes, regulates blood volume and pressure, stimulates red blood cell formation, and detoxifies?
Urinary System
What organ system produces hormones?
Endocrine
What organ system distrubutes nutrients, oxygen, wastes, hormones, electrolytes. heat, immune cells, etc.
Circulatory
What organ system recovers excess tissue fluid, detects pathogens, and produces immune cells?
Lymphatic System
Name the hierarchy of complexity
Organism, organ system, organs, tissues, cells, organelles, molecules, atoms
Name 4 characteristics of life
Organization, cellular composition, metabolism, responsiveness/movement, homeostasis, development (differentiation/specialization of cells and growth), Reproduction, evolution
Homeostasis
Body's ability to detect change and activate mechanisms that opposite it to maintain stable internal conditions
What is described as balanced change?
Dynamic equilibrium (body fluctuates around a set point)
Name the three components of a feedback loop
Receptor, Integrating (control) center, Effector
Positive feedback
amplifies change in same direction (blood clotting; pregnancy) can be harmful if it doesnt stop ie: high fever
Vertical lines dividing the abdomen are called what?
midclavicular lines
The superior horizontal line that divides the abdomen into quadrants is called
Subcostal line
The inferior horizontal line that divides the abdomen into quadrants
Intertubercular line
Order from superior to inferior; umbilical, cervical, cephalic, abdominal, thoracic
cephalic (head), cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), umbilical, abdominal,
From superior to interior order the three lateral sections of abdomen; lumbar, linguinal, hypochondriac
hypochondriac, lumbar, linguinal
From superior to inferior, order the three medial sections of the abdomen; hypogastric, epigastric, umbilical
Epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric
Stomach is located in which quadrant
Upper left quadrant
The digestive organs, spleen, and kidneys are located where?
In the abdominal cavity
The bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs are located where?
The Pelvic cavity
