New Frontier, Great Society, and Civil Rights Movement Test

Test Tuesday.

Discuss the Bay of Pigs invasion.

Kennedy approved a plan to have 1,400 Cuban exiles invade Cuba and overthrow Castro. The exiles were either killed or captured within two days.

Discuss the Cuban Missile Crisis.

In October 1962, American spy planes spotted Soviet missiles in Cuba. The US blockaded Cuba to keep more missiles from coming to the island. For six days, the world stood on the brink of nuclear war until both sides came to a deal.

Discuss the difference between Medicare and Medicaid.

Medicare provides health insurance for the elderly while Medicaid provides health and medical care for low-income families.

Discuss the Brown v. Board of Education ruling and the Southern response to it.

In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled school segregation unconstitutional. 101 members of Congress issued the Southern Manifesto, denouncing the Supreme Court and promising to work to reverse the decision.

Discuss what the Supreme Court ruled in Gideon v. Wainwright and Miranda v. Arizona.

In Gideon v. Wainwright, the Court said suspects have the right to an attorney even if they can’t afford it. In Miranda v. Arizona, they ruled that police must inform Americans of their rights during arrests.

Discuss the JFK assassination.

In November 1963, JFK was shot in Dallas, Texas. Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested for the murder and Jack Ruby killed Oswald.

Discuss the difference in how Martin Luther King, Jr. and how Malcolm X approached Civil Rights.

Dr. King believed in nonviolence and thought nonviolence would change hearts and minds. Malcolm X advocated for self-defense and sometimes even used violence in defense of freedom.

Which act ended literacy tests for voting registration?

Voting Rights Act of 1965.

Which amendment to the Constitution ended poll taxes?

24th.

What was the name of Dr. King’s famous speech at the March on Washington?

“I Have a Dream.”

Who was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery?

Rosa Parks.

In which city did 1,000 troops get called in to ensure 9 black students could attend Central High School?

Little Rock, AR.

What type of protest did Civil Rights groups use to object to segregated lunch counters?

Sit-ins.

Who was the first black man to attend the University of Mississippi?

James Meredith.

Who won the election of 1960?

John F. Kennedy.

Who won the election of 1964?

Lyndon Baines Johnson.

Which church did the KKK bomb and kill four girls?

16th St. Baptist Church.

In which three Alabama towns were the Freedom Riders attacked?

Anniston, Birmingham, and Montgomery.

Who was the Public Safety Commissioner who ordered dogs, clubs, and hoses to be used against Civil Rights marchers?

Eugene “Bull” Connor.

In which city was Martin Luther King, Jr. assassinated?

Memphis, TN.

Who assassinated Martin Luther King, Jr.?

James Earl Ray.

On which bridge were civil rights protesters attacked in Selma?

Edmund Pettus Bridge.

In which Los Angeles neighborhood did deadly riots break out in 1965?

Watts.

Define filibuster.

An attempt to kill a bill by having a group of senators take turns speaking continuously so that a vote cannot take place.

Define cloture.

A motion which ends debate and calls for an immediate vote, possible in the US senate by a vote of 60 senators.