Exam 3

Nucleosome core

________ is an octamer of 2 of each of histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4.

PCR

________ is a faster, less expensive, and more flexible way to amplify specific fragments of DNA (compared to molecular cloning)

Auxotrophs

________: unable to reproduce in minimal media because defective in enzymes required to synthesize complex compounds.

Penicillin

________ interferes with synthesis of bacterial cell wall.

Transformation

________: lysis of donor cell releases DNA into medium, donor DNA is taken up by recipient cell.

Histone H1

________ associates with linker DNA as it enters and leaves the nucleosome core.

Heteroplasmic cells

________: mix of organelle genomes.

Colchicine treatment

________ prevents spindle formation and results in doubling of chromosome numbers.

Cytochrome oxidase

________ c: functions in mitochondrial electron transport; 7 subunits (3 encoded by mitochondrial genome genes, 4 by nuclear genes)

5 types of histones

H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4

functions of non-histone proteins

structural role (chromosome scaffold), chromosome replication, chromosome segregation, active in transcription

long arm

q arm

Euchromatin

relaxed, usually active transcriptionally

methylation

histone methyltransferase adds methyl group to histone tails