ANAPHY: U11.2 Respiratory System (Upper Respiratory Tract)

External Nose (Cartilage) & Nasal Cavity

2 parts the nose is consisted of

Bone

What is the bridge of the nose made of?

Outside (through the nares/nostrils) & Pharynx

Where does the nasal cavity open to?

Paranasal Sinuses & Nasolacrimal Ducts

What 2 structures open to the nasal cavity?

Septum

What is the nasal cavity divided by?

Pseudostratified Cilitated Columnar Epithelium (traps)

What is the septum lined by?

Olfactory Epithelium

What is on the superior part of the nasal cavity?

Passageway for Air, Humidify Air, Smell, Resonating Chamber for Speech

4 Main Functions of the Nasal Cavity

Pharynx (Throat)

Common opening of both respiratory & digestive systems

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx

3 Divisions of the Pharynx

Nasopharynx

One of the divisions of the pharynx; most superior part, joins nasal cavity, contains opening of eustachian tube & pharyngeal tonsils

Nasal Cavity

What does the nasopharynx join with?

Eustachian Tube & Pharyngeal Tonsils

Openings of what structures does the nasopharynx contain?

Oropharynx

One of the divisions of the pharynx; joins oral cavity, palatine tonsil and lingual tonsils

Oral Cavity

What does the oropharynx join with?

Palatine & Lingual Tonsils

What structures does the oropharynx contain?

Laryngopharynx

One of the divisions of the pharynx; a continuation of oropharynx, opens into the larynx and esophagus

Larynx & Esophagus

What structures does the laryngopharynx open into?

Anterior to Laryngopharynx

Where is the larynx/voice box located?

1 Thyroid, 1 Cricoid, 1 Epiglottis, 2 Arytenoid, 2 Corniculate, 2 Cuneiform

9 Cartilages of the Larynx

Thyroid Cartilage

One of the 9 Cartilages of the Larynx; largest

Cricoid Cartilage

One of the 9 Cartilages of the Larynx; ring-shaped at the base

Epiglottis

One of the 9 Cartilages of the Larynx; covers the opening when swallowing

Arytenoid, Corniculate, Cuneiform Cartilages

What are the paired cartilages of the larynx?

Ligaments

What does the larynx have for speech?

1. Vestibular Fold/False Vocal Cords

2. Vocal Folds/True Vocal Cords

2 Types of Ligaments in the Larynx

Vestibular Fold

What are the False Vocal Cords of the Larynx?

Vocal Folds

What are the True Vocal Cords of the Larynx?

Open Passageway, Prevents Swallowed Material from Going to Larynx, Produce Sound, Protects LRT from Foreign Materials

4 Main Functions of the Larynx

Glottis

Opening of vocal folds