HISTORY4: ROMANESQUE

Romanesque period

a style of art emerging in Italy 9th Century and lasting until the advent of Gothic architecture in the 12C. The reason behind the name of this period is because the observers thought it looked closer to Rome than to Gothic

Age of faith

the church re-established itself as a strong unifying and stabilizing force

Monasticism

Monasteries became the center of education

Feudalism

Charlemagne's kingdom was parceled out among his grandsons

Knighthood

knights were young sons of noble families who attached themselves for military purposes

Crusades

a series of religious expeditionary wars blessed by the pope and the Catholic church, with the stated goal of restoring Christians access to the hay places in near Jerusalem

Manoralism

economic system based upon limited land ownership and forced labor (serfs)

Reliquiaries

containers of relics (body parts or possessions of saints)

Pilgrimage arts

relics and images that were the attraction for pilgrimage

Bayeux Tapestry

a unique embroided narrative, probably executed by a group of women

Trumeau

central support of Medieval doorwards

Tympanum

lunette above the door was ornamented with complex iconography

Westwork

the western facade decorated with flanking

Blind arcading

A distinct form of decoration aimed at relieving otherwise blank walls.

Archivolts

Succession of receding arches.

Atrium

A forecourt surrounded by porticoes

Narthex

A portico before the nave for the penitents.

Nave

Principal or central part of the church extending from the narthex to the choir.

Aisle

Any of the longitudinal divisions separated from the nave.

Double Bema

Raised platform transverse open space separating the nave and the apse.

Transept

As wide as the nave, forming a square at the crossing, consisting of the choir and apse.

Altar

A table upon which the Eucharist is celebrated.

Apse

A semi-circular or polygonal often vaulted recess; termination of the sanctuary.

Baldachin

A canopy placed over an altar.

Chevet

East end of the church comprising of the choir, ambulatory and apse.

Monastery

Houses a room reserved for prayer and domestic quarters for monks and nuns.

denotes the building, or complex of buildings, that houses a room reserved for prayer (e.g. an oratory) as well as the domestic quarters and workplaces of monastics

Cathedra of Pisa

an architectural landmark by an unknown architect famous for its leaning tower

Santiago de compostela (spain)

a pilgrimage destination for paul's pilgrims

Durham Cathedral (england)

The greatest most ambitious Romanesque church built in England.

First to use pointed arches. Features a wheel window.

Tower of London

a royal place of her majesty in London