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Environmental Science
Populations
8th
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63 Terms
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1
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Define convection currents
Circulation of liquids or gases due to uneven heating
2
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List the four ways cloud formation can occur.
\
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Raging Otters Fight Weasels
1. Rising convection currents
2. Orographic lifting
3. Frontal Wedging
4. wind convergence
3
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All precipitation of liquid water is called _______________
rain
4
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Define drizzle
Very light rain Small droplets of rain falling slowly.
5
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Define Freezing Rain
Supercooled water that falls as rain and then freezes on the surface it contacts.
6
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Define Ice Storm
A freezing rainstorm
7
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Name 3 types of solid precipitation
Snow, Sleet, Hail
8
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Describe how snow forms
Water vapor freezes directly into a solid.
9
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What is sleet?
Sleet is liquid water that freezes before it hits the ground. It looks like small pellets of ice.
10
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What is hail?
Hail is frozen precipitation that falls from thunderstorms.
11
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This storm produces thunder and lightning.
Thunderstorms
12
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This storm can produce gusty winds, heavy rain, and sometimes hail.
Thunderstorms
13
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These storms occur in the winter and produce frozen precipitation.
Winter Storms
14
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These storms are not officially named, but are often named on the Weather Channel.
Winter Storms
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This is a violent rotating column of air that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground.
Tornado
16
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The largest of these can produce winds of up to 300 mph.
Tornado
17
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A large rotating storm with high speed winds that forms over warm waters.
Hurricane
18
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These storms are also called a cyclone or typhoon.
Hurricane
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These storms are officially named alphabetically each year by NOAA
Hurricane
20
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What is NOAA?
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
21
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Precipitation
Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface.
22
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coalesce
to come together
23
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Define orographic lifting
Movement and lifting of warm air over mountains
24
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Define Frontal wedging
a warm air mass lifted by a denser cold air mass
25
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Define wind convergence
collision of horizontal air currents
26
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Stratus Clouds
clouds that form in flat layers
27
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Alto
Middle
28
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Strato
layer
29
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cloud
a mass of water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air
30
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adiabatic cooling
the cooling effect of reduced pressure on air as it rises higher in the atmosphere and expands
31
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condensation nuclei
Microscopic particles on which water vapor condenses to form cloud droplets.
32
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freezing nuclei
solid particles that serve as cores for the formation of ice crystals
33
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supercooled water
Liquid water below freezing point
34
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Cumulus Clouds
clouds that look like fluffy, rounded piles of cotton
35
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Cirrus Clouds
wispy, feathery clouds
36
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low level clouds
stratus, stratocumulus, nimbostratus
37
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middle level clouds
altostratus, altocumulus
38
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high level clouds
cirrus, cirrocumulus, cirrostratus
39
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vertically developed clouds
cumulus, cumulonimbus
40
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fog
A cloud at ground level.
41
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drizzle
very light rain
42
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nimbus clouds
rain clouds
43
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What type of cloud causes heavy rain, snow, or hail?
Cumulonimbus
44
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Cirro
Curls
45
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A change of state directly from the solid to the gaseous state without first becoming a liquid.
Sublimation
46
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A change of state directly from a gas to a solid without first becoming a liquid.
Deposition
47
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The change of a gaseous vapor into the liquid state as the result of decreasing temperature.
Condensation
48
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The process of vaporization when a liquid below its boiling point becomes a gas
Evaporation
49
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The temperature where water vapor condenses into liquid water.
Define dew point
50
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A thin film of water that has condensed on the surface of objects near the ground.
Define Dew
51
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water vapor; evaporation
Most water in our atmosphere enters as ____________________ _______________________ by ______________________.
52
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solid, liquid, gas
List the three states of matter
53
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The change of state from solid to liquid by the application of heat.
Melting
54
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The change from the liquid state to the solid state by lowering a liquid's temperature.
Freezing
55
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Evaporation and Boiling
What are the two types of vaporization that can occur in liquids?
56
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boiling
When a liquid reaches its boiling point and becomes a gas, the vaporization is called__________________.
57
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evaporation
When a liquid is below its boiling point and becomes a gas, the vaporization is called _________________________.
58
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constant motion
Water molecules are in _________________________ ________________________ in all three states of matter.
59
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Wind **increases** the **rate** of evaporation by blowing away the **molecules** of **water** that have **escaped** into the **air.**
How does wind affect the speed of evaporation?
60
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humidity
The amount of water vapor in the air
61
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clouds
When water is a liquid or solid suspended in our atmosphere, it appears as ________________________.
62
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Temperature
What affects how much water vapor the atmosphere can hold?
63
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A thin film of water that has condensed and frozen on the surface of objects near the ground.
Define Frost
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