Voice Quiz 3

Nodules are...

bilateral calluses

What is the classic sign of vocal nodules?

string of mucous between the nodules (in one spot)

What is the vocal quality of someone with vocal nodules?

hoarse, rough vocal quality, sometimes diplophonia

What does the tissue around vocal nodules look like?

pinkish-white color, often the same as VF

Where do vocal nodules typically occur?

2/3 point medially - where we phonate the most

Surgical treatment for nodules

vocal hygiene
speech therapy
surgery:
- laser removal (cutting with a laser)
- cauterization (peeling off callous with forceps)

What are classic signs of reflux on the vocal folds?

inflammation/swelling, scar tissue, pink

What does laryngopharyngeal reflux look like?

stomach acid, inflamed, swollen, pink color

Varix

bigger (& more prominent) tortuous veins on true VF; "vocal bleed"

What is the treatment for varix and exstacia?

laser pulses

Exstacia

smaller venious lines on VF

What is the classic sign for contact ulcers and granuloma?

cup and saucer

Polyps are...

painful, unilateral and fluid-filled blisters

What is the vocal quality like for someone with vocal polyps?

harsh/hoarse, raspy

What is the treatment for vocal polyps?

refer to ENT for removal

What are the classic signs of spasmodic dysphonia?

shaky, breathy voice
-disordered phonation
-vocal breaks - spasms
-dry

What are the two types of spasmodic dysphonia?

Adductor: spasms make VF come together (close)
Abductor: VF open spasmodically

Flaring nostrils are a nonspeech sign/symptom of distress for what type of diagnosis?

spasmodic dysphonia

What are signs of monotone pitch?

deep, hyponasal, awareness of impairment, speech phrasing (respiration breaks) is abnormal

What is the social perception for people with monotone pitch?

they're doing it for attention

What are some other things we want to screen for if someone has a monotone voice?

check their mental/psychological state (monotone is associated with depression/speech is attached to mental state)

Vocal fry is caused by...

respiratory insufficiency

What is the vocal quality of someone with vocal fry?

low/quiet voice
raspy, particularly at the end of words/sentences (ex: Kim K)
hoarseness over time

Puberphonia

inappropriate pitch for a person's age, gender, and culture

What should you pay attention to with someone with puberphonia?

unconscious movement of their chin during pitch

How might someone with puberphonia compensate for difficulty with higher pitch?

elevate the jaw to sustain pitch

Keratosis is _______ of _______ on the VFs

build-up; keratin

What does the tissue look like for someone with keratosis?

white and plaque-like

Laryngitis is inflammation/irritation of the larynx due to _______

overuse/misuse

What are classic signs of laryngitis besides inflammation/irritation?

-vocal strain
-sore throat, dry cough
-subglottilc laryngitis in children

What is the vocal quality like for someone with laryngitis?

hoarseness, aphonia/dysphonia, trouble breathing

What is the acute treatment for laryngitis?

fluids, resting voice, inhaling steam, long hot shower

Papillomas are ______ in nature

viral (e.g., HPV, kissing, sexual contact/genital warts)
-can grow anywhere

What are classic signs of papilloma?

clusters of bumps & growths (men: usually on head and neck)
-asymmetrical*
-soft tissue

What is the vocal quality like for someone with a papilloma?

raspiness, breathiness (respiratory insufficiency)

What is the treatment for papilloma?

laser removal often repeated every 1-3 years