Individualism and Collectivism

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37 Terms

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Individualism

Values placed upon the primacy of the individual, emphasizing "me" before "we."

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Private property

Ownership of lands, homes, businesses, and intellectual property, with significant wealth concentration.

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Rule of Law

Principle that everyone is subject to the law, with government powers defined by law.

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Individual rights and freedoms

Rights guaranteed by documents like the Charter and the American Bill of Rights.

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Competition

The presence or absence of competition in various industries affects market dynamics.

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Economic freedom

The ability of individuals and corporations to buy, sell, and work freely, with consumer sovereignty as a key aspect.

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Self-interest

The concept that individuals act in their own best interest, benefiting society when they can.

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Cooperation

Working together as a group to avoid exploitation and pool resources.

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Collective interest

The interests of a group that can be more effectively achieved collectively.

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Collective responsibility

Holding a group accountable for the actions of its members.

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Public property

Property owned by the state or community, often debated in terms of its implications.

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Economic equality

A spectrum of approaches to achieving equality, including progressive taxation and social programs.

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Marxism

A theory focused on class struggle, advocating for collective ownership and equality for the working class.

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Social Contract

An agreement within society to accept government in exchange for security and rights.

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Thomas Hobbes

A philosopher advocating for a strong government due to his negative view of human nature.

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John Locke

The father of liberalism, emphasizing individual rights and limited government.

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Montesquieu

Proposed separation of powers to avoid corruption and despotism.

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Adam Smith

Advocated for laissez-faire capitalism and the regulation of the economy by market forces.

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John-Stuart Mill

Emphasized the importance of individual freedoms and government protection of those freedoms.

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John Jacques Rousseau

Believed in the natural freedom of people and the corrupting influence of private property.

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Karl Marx

The father of communism, advocating for economic equality and the abolition of private property.

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Beliefs/values

Ideas and understandings that shape an individual's identity and worldview.

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Human interdependence

The concept that individuals rely on one another in various aspects of life.

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Capitalism

An economic system characterized by free markets and minimal government involvement.

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Communism

A societal system where property is owned collectively for the common benefit.

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Socialism

An ideology advocating for public control of resources for societal benefit.

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Ideological spectrum

A diagram organizing ideologies based on their emphasis on collectivism or individualism.

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Radicalism
new/innovative, e.g. Theory of Evolution
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Reactionary
back to the past, either actual past or an imagined past
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Facism
strong economic freedom for the elites, designed to destroy communism
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Egalitarianism
ideology of equality
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Elitism
ideology of the elites
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Status quo
keep things the same
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Progressive
make things better
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Welfare state
where government provides some form of social services
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Civil disobedience
peaceful/non-violent protest
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Deregulation

removal of economic regulations