NVCC Art 100 Exam #2

Alexander Calder was one of the first artists to explore the possibilities of __________.

kinetic sculpture

The Crystal Palace by Joseph Paxton is an excellent example of architecture using:

cast iron and glass

Michelangelo's Awakening Slave is a good example of this kind of sculpture:

subtractive.

The architect Frank O. Gehry has the idea that architecture is similar to functional sculpture, as can be seen in his _______________.

Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Julio Gonzalez was the sculptor who first used the _____________ to create his metal sculptures.

welding torch

The Roman aqueduct Pont du Gard is a good example of the _____________ method of construction.

arch and arcade

The Chicago School of architecture was led by the first great modern American architect:

Louis sullivan

The cast aluminum work Corporate Wars: Wall of Influence by artist Robert Longo is an excellent example of a __________ sculpture.

high relief

Gothic builders were able to open large wall areas for windows because of the use of the pointed arch and _________________.

flying buttresses

America's contribution to twentieth-century architecture was:

the skyscraper

bas-relief

sculpture that is not freestanding, but projects slightly from the surface

lost-wax process

A casting process often used for bronze.

kinetic

sculpture that moves

installation

using 3d media to visually tell a story, often involving an entire space

Frank Lloyd Wright

Falling Water, 1936

Walter Gropius

Bauhaus

Le Corbusier

Domino Construction System, 1914

Louis Sullivan

Wainwright Building

Lara Schnitger

Grim Boy, 2005

Marc Andre Robinson

Throne for the Greatest Rapper of All Time, 2005

Elizabeth Catlett

Mother and Child #2, 1971

Charles Ray

Father Figure, 2007

Aqua Tower, Chicago, Illinois, 2010

Green construction

Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, 532-535

Dome on pendentives

Jeppesen Terminal Building, Denver International Airport, 1994

suspension structure

Seagram Building

New York City, 1954-1958

steel frame construction

Trusses

triangular framework used to span or support

groin vault

the intersection of two barrel vaults

Cantilever

The overhanging portion of a beam or slab extended beyond a supporting wall or column.

Curtain wall

An exterior building wall that is not load bearing.

All four ancient civilizations emerged in the valleys of the big rivers. Which territory was named Mesopotamia -"the land between the rivers?"

tigris and Euphrates rivers valley (in Iraq)

Egyptian pyramids were built to serve as:

tombs

Mask from Mummy Case was found in the tomb of which pharaoh?

Tutankhamen

What distinguishes the imagery in the Chauvet Cave from that of the Great Gallery in Horseshoe Canyon?

the figures are naturalistic

Paleolithic

Old Stone Age

Neolithic

New Stone Age

petroglyph

rock engraving

Pig-Deer and Hand. Cave painting

indonesia

Murujuga Petroglyphs

Australia

Burial Urn

China

Earthenware Beaker

Iran

Stonehenge

Neolithic Europe (England)

The Great Pyramids at Giza

Egypt, Old Kingdom (c. 2500 BCE)

Ziggurat of Ur-Nammu

Mesopotamia (Sumer)

Funerary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut

Egypt, New Kingdom (c. 1450 BCE)

Sumer was the first civilization in a succession of Mesopotamian peoples/cultures.The ancient Sumerians developed the world's first wheel, plow and _______.

writing system

The 25,000-year-old carved figurine, Venus of Willendorf, is associated with

the great mother goddess

The Sumerians worshiped their nature gods in shrines set atop gigantic platforms called ________, which were made of sun-baked bricks (core) and fired bricks (facing).

ziggurats

The first Paleolithic wall paintings were found in the caves of France and Spain just a short 100 years ago. The most recently discovered paintings, found in 1994 in the _________ , turned out to be the oldest (about 30,000 years old).

chauvet cave (france)

Which is not true about Egyptian art?

It is literature, and not the tombs, that is the main source of our knowledge about ancient Egypt.

Which is not true about Paleolithic art?

The cave paintings are not naturalistic (life-like) depictions of animals but rather abstract patterns.

Which of the following is not related to the ancient civilizations?

absence of architectural structures

Below are the names of four celebrated sculptors of classical Greece. Which one wrote the first treatise to be accepted on perfect proportions and developed the canon (set of rules) for constructing the ideal human figure?

polykleitos

In sculpture, contrapposto (meaning counter-poised) describes a pose, in which the weight is shifted on one leg and one part of the body is slightly turned in opposition to another.The Greek statue of _________ is an excellent example of contrapposto.

the spear Bearer by Polykleitos, 5th century B.C.E

In the 4th century C.E., the great Roman Empire was rapidly declining. In 330 C.E., Emperor Constantine moved the capital from Rome to the ancient city of ________, which he renamed Constantinople (present day Istanbul, Turkey).

Byzantium

In the last 300 years B.C.E., the Greek city-states declined and a new artistic style was formed that was more dynamic and emotional. Mediterranean art created during this period is called _________ (meaning Greek-like).

Hellenistic

Icon of the Old Testament Trinity (Byzantine icon)

painting (tempera on wooden panel)

Christ and the Apostles (Early Christian art, catacombs, Rome)

fresco

Christ as Pantocrator (Cathedral in Monreale, Italy)

mosaic

Christ as Pentecost (Saint Madeleine Cathedral, France)

stone relief

Ireland was Christianized in the 5th century. After the fall of Rome, the Irish monasteries became the centers of learning and art. The monks were copying the holy books by hand and decorated these manuscripts with intricate interlacing patterns. In which period of the Middle Ages was the Book of Kells produced?

early medieval period

Basilica

Rectangular building ending with an apse.

catacombs

Underground burial chambers in Rome

icons

Small paintings serving as holy images.

tessera

the small piece colored glass, ceramic tile, or stone used in a mosaic

Krater

kovessel with handles (for mixing wine and water)

Kouros

male youth

kore

female youth

classical

related to logical simplicity, balance and restrained emotion

coffer

Decorative recessed square (on ceiling surface).

Pantheon

a temple dedicated to all the gods

portico

Columned porch (entrance).

dome

a hemispherical roof (half a sphere)

Capital

top part of column

Pediment

triangular area atop the narrow end of a greek temple

Metope

Square panel with sculpture (part of frieze, above the colonnade)

Entasis

slight swelling in the shaft of a column

Purse Cover (gold, enamel)

Early Medieval (Animal style)

Empress Theodora(mosaic)

byzantine style

Christ of the Pentecost(sculptural relief)

romanesque style

Notre Dame de Chartres Cathedral

Gothic style

nave of Old St. Peter's.

Central, main aisle of the church

Transept of Old St. Peter's.

Part (aisle) that crosses the main axis

apse of Old St. Peter's.

semicircular projection

atrium of Old St. Peter's.

open entrance court (in front of a basilica and earlier in roman houses)

Rome's greatest contribution was in the field of architecture. Introduction of innovative materials and techniques - such as concrete, arches, vaults and domes - allowed Romans to create interior spaces of immense scale.

____________ is the most celebrated ancient example of the large domed construction.

pantheism temple (in rome)

The Greek temple Parthenon was built in the classical period and dedicated to _______, the goddess of wisdom and protector of the Greek navy.

Athena

Oldest, simplest and most sturdy in appearance.

Doric Order

Taller, more elegant capital enhanced with volutes.

ionic order

Complex capital composed of ornamental leaves.

Corinthian Order

The Laocoon Group, when unearthed in Rome in 1506 (almost 2,000 years after its creation!), had a strong influence on the great Renaissance sculptor Michelangelo. Which statement is not true about this marble sculpture?

It expresses the clarity, balance and restraint of classical art.

Early Medieval period

5th -10th centuries (400s - 900s)

Which statement about early Christian art is not correct?Which statement about early Christian art is not correct?

Romanesque Period

11th - 12th centuries (1000s - 1100s)

Gothic Period

12th - 14th centuries (1100s - 1300s)

The Roman nobility loved luxury and decorated their villas with sophisticated wall paintings - vividly colored and showing some form of perspective. The best preserved examples of these frescoes come from the city of _________ that was buried under the volcanic ash of Vesuvius in 79 C.E.

Pompeii

The following characteristics describe Gothic architecture: pointed arches, flying buttresses (outer supports), and stained glass windows. Which famous building provides an example of Gothic style?

Notre Dame de Chartres Cathedral (Chartres, France)

The impressive head of the Roman emperor __________ represents a new type of sculptural portrait in the Late Roman Empire. It is one of a few remaining pieces of a colossal statue.

Constantine